Download Review over Important Events of the American Revolution

Loyalists

Loyalists were American
colonists who remained loyal
to the Great Britain




About 15%-20% of the colonies
Many Loyalists fled the country
at the start of the Revolution
Many were older, wealthy
merchants
Active in the Church of
England

The national church
Patriots




Came from many
different backgrounds
Believed “taxation
without representation”
was illegal
Mostly ordinary men and
women (farmers,
mechanics,
homemakers, and
shopkeepers)
These middle and lower
classes didn’t like their
economic situation
◦
Largely due to British
taxation
The Arguments
1.
People have rights
government can’t
take away, like
property
2.
Taxation takes away property
(i.e. – money and goods)
3.
American colonies would be weak
without Britain
Colonists don’t have voice in
Parliament, so they can’t tax
colonies (No taxation without
representation)
4.
Colonies profit from trade with
England
There’s no way colonies could
ever be represented –
Parliament’s too far
5.
Many colonists fought in
the French & Indian War
(we’ve done our part)
British personnel are
causing violence,
riots, and death
(Boston Massacre &
Boston Tea
Party)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A strong unified
British Empire is
good for all
Colonists are British subjects
and should obey British law
Taxes are due to French & Indian
War which was fought to protect
colonies
6.
Colonies are too far away
from England to have
representation in Parliament,
its just not practical
6.
Fighting the
American
Revolution
“A World Turned Upside Down”
Jumpstart
 Pick
up a notes packet and your journal.
Get out a pencil.
Patriots at the Beginning…
ADVANTAGES
 Were
fighting for
their land and
believed cause =
VERY determined
 George Washington
as their leader
 Foreign supplies and
soldiers
DISADVANTAGES
 Lack
of experience
in fighting &
needed supplies
 Outnumbered
 Weak navy
Redcoats at the Beginning…
ADVANTAGES
 Generals
had a
wide range of
experience
 Understood strategy
 Well-trained
 Highly disciplined
 Well-supplied
DISADVANTAGES
 Took
weeks (or
months) to get
needed supplies
and reinforcements
 Difficulty adapting
to “hit and run”
warfare
The Early War
 Early
on, both sides
adopted the same
strategy

Wanted to win in one big
battle
 Neither
side was able
to accomplish this
 Patriots suffered huge
losses and morale is
low
Washington decided to
go on the defensive
 Hoped to tire out the
British

New British Strategy
 British
were ordered to
capture New York


Central location
Coast line for supplies
 From
New York, they
would capture
Massachusetts  the
of the rebellion
The Battle of Saratoga (1777)
 British
are beaten back
by colonial forces
 British surrender
 Significance of Saratoga:



Major defeat for the British
Shows that the colonists
have a chance to win
France becomes an ally of
the colonies
 Considered
a turning
point in the war
Europe Helps the Colonies
 Spain
hoped to
gain more land
 France was angry
over losing the
French & Indian War
 This caused the
British to fight three
enemies at once

Had to spread their
resources
Europeans Helps the Colonies
Marquis de Lafayette




French nobleman who
volunteered to fight
under Washington
Used his own money to
buy soldiers clothes
Influential in many
battles
Persuaded French king
to send 6,000 men to
fight for the colonies
Baron von Steuben


Prussian (modern day
Germany) general
Helped Washington
train and discipline
troops at Valley Forge
Jumpstart
 Pick
up your journal. Get out the picture
notes from Friday and a pencil.
Jumpstart Pre-AP
 Pick
up your journal and pick up a copy
of the test review.
 Turn in your Declaration of Independence
(AND the six brainstorming questions) to
the tray.
Winter at Valley Forge
1777-78

Fighting stopped during
winter

Temperatures were anywhere
from 6-12 degrees F
Washington’s army camped
in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
 Lacked EVERYTHING!



¼ died from malnutrition or
disease
Showed endurance and
determination

Respected Washington too
much to desert
This
sucks.
Sorry
guys…my
bad!
I want my
mommy!
“I have not yet begun to fight!”
 After
Valley Forge,
battles began
happening on the seas
as well as land
 John Paul Jones was
commander of the
Bonhomme Richard
 Won a significant
naval battle against
Great Britain (the best
navy in the world)

Angered the British BUT
inspired the colonists
The Battle of Yorktown, October 1781
British General Cornwallis
set up his base camp on
Yorktown peninsula
 French ships blocked the
bay



British cannot receive
supplies or retreat
Washington trapped him
by land

Bombarded the Redcoats
with cannon fire
Cornwallis surrendered
 PATRIOTS WIN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Create-A-Treaty (Pre-AP)
Discuss with your group members and write these
questions – and your answers – in your journal.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is the new status of the colonies?
What will happen to British troops and forts stationed
in the United States?
What are the new boundary lines for the United
States?
What happens to Loyalist property that was
confiscated by Patriots?
What happens to the debt each side (Americans
and British) owes? Who should pay the debt?
What happens to the runaway slaves that fought for
the Redcoats?
Create-A-Treaty
1.
What is the new status of the colonies?
A.
B.
C.
2.
What will happen to British troops and forts
stationed in the United States?
A.
B.
C.
3.
Completely free and independent
Remain colonies but with representation in Parliament
Joint control of colonial lands
All will stay
All will leave
Half with leave and the rest will stay
What are the new boundary lines for the
United States?
A.
B.
C.
Atlantic to Pacific
Atlantic to Appalachian
Atlantic to Mississippi
Create-A-Treaty
4.
What happens to Loyalist property that was
confiscated by Patriots?
A.
B.
C.
5.
What happens to the debt each side (Americans
and British) owes? Who should pay the debt?
A.
B.
C.
6.
All is given back to Loyalists
All is kept by the United States
Given back to Loyalists older than 40 years
United States pays it all
Great Britain pays it all
Each side pays their respective debt
What happens to the runaway slaves that fought for
the Redcoats?
A.
B.
C.
They are allowed to move the Great Britain and obtain
freedom
They are property of the United States
They are given back to their original owners
1.
2.
3.
Colonies are “free
and independent
The
states”
British must remove all
troops
New boundary from
Atlantic to Mississippi
A.
4.
5.
6.
Northern and Southern
border were Canada
and Florida
Loyalist rights and
property were
protected
Each side repays its
debts
Captured slaves must
be returned to owners
Treaty of Paris, 1783
Jump Start
Come
in and get out your notes and
your review
You have 20 minutes to work silently
Whatever
you do not finish is
homework
We will grade them first thing
tomorrow
Jumpstart 11/4
 On
Level Classes – Turn in your
Declaration of Independence to the
inbox.
 Get out a pencil and your spiral. You will
need your spiral after the Tug Of War
game.
 Reminders:


Study your vocabulary for tomorrow’s quiz!
Your test review will be graded IN CLASS on
Thursday!
Tug-of-War Comparison Notes
Tug-of-War Simulation
1. Red Team has the
strongest people
2. Blue Team has the smaller,
weaker people
3. Blue Team would get a
prize for winning, but the
Red Team would not
4. White Team cheered for the
Blue Team
5. Half of the Red Team had
to start farther away
6. White Team joined the Blue
Team
American Revolution
4 Corners Review
 Significance
1.
2.
3.
4.
of Lexington and Concord…
Final battle of the Revolution
Turning point of the Revolution
First battle of the Revolution
Declared the colonies independent
4 Corners Review
 Significance
1.
2.
3.
4.
of the year 1776…
Battle of Saratoga
Declaration of Independence was
written
Ending of the Revolutionary War
Battle of Lexington and Concord
4 Corners Review
 Saratoga
1.
2.
3.
4.
is significant because…
It ended the Revolutionary War
It was a major loss for the colonies
The Redcoats gained New York
France became an ally of the colonies
4 Corners Review
 Marquis
de Lafayette and Baron von
Steuben helped the Continental Army by
providing…
1.
2.
3.
4.
Food and shelter
Money, supplies, and military training
Information about the Redcoats’ strategy
Ships to arm our weak navy
4 Corners Review
 Yorktown
is a significant battle of the
American Revolution because it was
the…
1.
2.
3.
4.
Final battle of the Revolution
Turning point of the Revolution
First battle of the Revolution
Declared the colonies independent
4 Corners Review

1.
2.
3.
4.
Which of the following was NOT a term of the
Treaty of Paris of 1783…
Colonies are “free and independent
states”
British must remove all troops
New boundary from Atlantic to the
Appalachian Mountains
Captured slaves must be returned to
owners