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Disease & Germ Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K SLCkT2ttXQ • Pathogens- a disease causing agent ex- viruses, bacteria, fungus, protist • Diseases caused by viruses: • Chicken pox, measles, rubella, mumps, small pox, polio, hepatitis, AIDS, flu, rabies… • Vaccine: a substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and injected into body to produce an immune response. • Immune system: Leukocytes white blood cells make antibodies which attack virus infected cells. • Edward Jenner: invented first vaccine for small pox; injected himself with cow pox and made himself immune to small pox. (1796) • Jonas Salk: invented vaccine for polio 1950’s • Pasteur: invented vaccine for rabies Germ Theory • Many diseases arise from germs (microorganisms) attacking the body from the outside. • Developed by Louis Pasteur & Robert Koch • Pasteur and Redi disproved spontaneous generation • spontaneous generation (abiogensis): Life from non-life Francesco Redi • Also, helped disprove spontaneous generation, by setting up an experiment that showed maggots come from flies As a result of the acceptance of germ theory there have been many changes in health practices. • Aseptic technique- procedures used to prevent contamination from microorganisms. • Joseph Lister- first surgeon to use aseptic technique; 1867 • Sanitation: prevent microorganisms from entering food and water. Exrefrigeration, boiling • Antiseptics- kills pathogens on skin ex-hydrogen peroxide • Antibiotics- kills bacteria in body
