Download 10.1 The Mole: A Measure

10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Chapter 10
Chemical Quantities
10.1 The Mole: A Measurement
of Matter
10.2 Mole-Mass and Mole-Volume
Relationships
10.3 Percent Composition and
Chemical Formulas
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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What Is a Mole?
Do Now
Get an Activity sheet , go to the lab
tables and get into your lab groups.
Read the instructions on the sheet and
be ready to begin the activities.
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What Is a Mole?
10.1 The Mole: A Measure>
ment of Matter
What ways can you quantify how much you have of
something?
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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What Is a Mole?
Atomic Mass (AMU)
•
•
•
•
The mass of a single atom
We cannot measure something this small
We use Molar Mass instead.
Example: The atomic mass of lead is
207.2 amu.
• If we weigh out 207.2 grams of lead we
have the molar mass of lead.
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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What Is a Mole?
• The ‘mole’ is a unit of measurement
used to count the number of particles
found within a substance.
• This is similar to using
•
•
•
•
5
Dozen (12)
Pair (2)
Ream (500)
Gross (144)
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
1 mole
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What Is a Mole?
= 6.02 × 1023 of
ANYTHING
6.02 × 1023 is called Avogadro’s number in honor
of the person who started working with it.
http://ed.ted.com/lessons/daniel-dulek-how-big-is-a-mole-not-the-animal-the-other-one
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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What Is a Mole?
representative particle - species present
in a substance, usually atoms, molecules,
or formula units.
Element
Molecular Compound
Ionic Compound
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Representative
particle
Example
Atom
Copper
Molecule
H2O
Formula Unit
NaCl
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Interpret Data
Representative Particles and Moles
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Substance
Representative
particle
Chemical
formula
Representative
particles in 1.00 mol
Copper
Atom
Cu
6.02 × 1023
Atomic nitrogen
Atom
N
6.02 × 1023
Nitrogen gas
Molecule
N2
6.02 × 1023
Water
Molecule
H2O
6.02 × 1023
Calcium ion
Ion
Ca2+
6.02 × 1023
Calcium fluoride
Formula unit
CaF2
6.02 × 1023
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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What Is a Mole?
The mole can be used as a conversion factor
1 mole = 6.02 × 1023 representative particles
1 mole
6.02 × 1023 of something
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6.02 × 1023 of something
1 mole
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Number of Molecules
How many molecules are in
6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Number of Molecules
How many molecules are in
6.3 moles of methane (CH4)?
3.79 x 1024 molecules of CH4
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Atoms
How many atoms are in 6.3
moles of methane (CH4)?
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.3
Converting Moles to Atoms
How many atoms are in 6.3
moles of methane (CH4)?
1.89 x 1025 atoms
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Molar Mass
Molar Mass
• Mass of a mole of an element
• For elements, this is the atomic mass given in
the periodic table, expressed in grams.
• Also called molecular weight or molecular
mass(in case of molecules which is the sum of
atomic masses of all the atoms they are
composed of)
Element
Carbon
Hydrogen
Chlorine
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Molar Mass
12.0 g
1.0 g
35.5 g
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Molar Mass
The Mass of a Mole of an Element
1 mol of sulfur atoms = 32.1 g
1 mol of carbon atoms = 12.0 g
1 mol of iron atoms = 56.0 g
This figure
shows one
mole of
carbon, sulfur,
and iron.
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Molar Mass
The mass of a mole of a compound is the sum of
the masses of all the atoms in the compound.
Example
Molar mass SO3 = molar mass S + molar mass O3
= 32.1g + 16.0g x 3
= 80.1 g
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.4
Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Calculate the molar mass of the
following compounds.
a)NaCl
b)N2O3
c)Fe(OH)2
d)Be3(PO4)2
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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Sample Problem 10.4
Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound
Calculate the molar mass of the
following compounds.
a)NaCl – 58.5g
b)N2O3 – 76.0 g
c)Fe(OH)2 – 89.8 g
d)Be3(PO4)2 – 217 g
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10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
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END OF 10.1
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