Download DNA Replication Notes (12.2)

DNA Replication (12.2)
State Standards
2A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA.
2B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and
transmitting cellular information.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Overview
DNA has the unique
ability to make an exact
copy of itself in a process
called _______________.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Semiconservative Replication
 Parental strands of
DNA separate, serve
as __________, and
produce DNA
molecules that have
one strand of
_________ DNA and
one strand of new DNA.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Step 1: Unwinding
 DNA __________, an
enzyme, breaks the
hydrogen bonds
holding the base pairs
together. It
__________ and
__________ the double
helix, allowing new
nucleotides to bind to
the 2 single strands by
base pairing.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Step 1: Unwinding Cont’d
 As the double helix is unwound & unzipped,
_____ __________ adds a short segment of
RNA, called an RNA primer (starter), on each
DNA strand.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Step 2: Base pairing
 _____ __________then adds complementary
__________ to the chain. This continues until
the entire molecule has been replicated.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Step 2: Base Pairing Cont’d
 One strand is called the __________
strand & is built _______________.
 The other strand is called the
__________ strand & is built
discontinuously in small __________
(Okazaki
fragments).
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Step 3: Joining
 DNA polymerase removes the RNA primer
and fills in the place with DNA nucleotides.
 DNA ligase links the two sections.
 Each new strand is half __________ DNA
& half
_____
DNA.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Conclusion
 There are now 2
copies of the genetic
information that will be
passed on to new
________ through
mitosis or to the next
____________
through meiosis.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA
 Eukaryotic DNA…
- is found in the
__________,
coiled into
_______________.
- unwinds in __________
areas as DNA is
replicated.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics
12.2 Replication of DNA
Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA Cont’d
.
 Prokaryotic DNA…
- is attached to the plasma membrane or
is _____-floating.
- is __________ & only opens at one
originof replication.
• _____ is also found in chloroplasts &
mitochondria