Download Reproductive

A. The primary function of the
reproductive system is to produce
offspring. This is accomplished by
1. sexual maturation of the male
resulting in production of male
gametes (sperm) in the gonads
(testes).
2. sexual maturation of the female
resulting in production of female
gametes (ova) in the female
gonads, the ovaries.
At puberty the male genitalia looks
like this
The female genitalia looks like this
A.
Testes (seminiferous
tubules)
B. Epididymus (20 feet)
C. Vas deferens becomes
ejaculatory duct
D. Seminal vesicle makes
semen (accessory)
E. Prostate gland makes
semen = activates sperm
(accessory)
F. Urethra and Penis
G. Cowper’s gland
deacidifies urethra
(accessory)
1. Testes synthesize sperm
in seminiferous tubules
2. Testosterone is
synthesized in
interstitial or leydig
cells between
seminiferious tubules
4. From Rete testis sperm
enter epididymus, then
vas deferns.
Female reproductive/accessory organs
1. genitalia is both
internal and
external
2. vagina, uterus,
ovaries, uterine
tube are internal
3. mons pubis,
clitorus, labia,
mammaries are
external and
accessory
accessory)
A. Ovaries = female
gonad. Ovarian
follicles secrete
estrogen and
progesterone that
regulate menses.
They also produce &
expel at least one
mature ova per month.
1. The primary oocyte,
is arrested in
prophase I inside the
primordial follicle of
the ovary
2.Oogenesis is
formation of a viable
oocyte. The oocyte is
ovulated from the
graffian follicle. If and
only if there is
penetration of the
oocyte by sperm,
does the oocyte
mature thru phases of
meiosis.
3.Female duct system
a. Fallopian tubes
receive ovulated
ovum (fertilization)
as ciliated fimbriae
move ovum
b. cervix is narrow neck
of uterus
4. Uterus (tilts away from
vagina)
a. nourishes a fertilized
ovum.
b. uterine wall
(1)functional layer of
endometrium
(2)mesometrium
smooth muscle layer
5. Vagina is thin walled tube
(1) is birth canal and copulatory organ
5. Mammary glands
(glandular alveoli)
produce milk to
nourish an infant.
1. spermatids undergo
spermatogenesis
(1) head is where genetic
material resides. It is
covered by the acrosome,
helmet and contains
enzymes that enable the
sperm to penetrate the
egg.
(2) midpiece is full of
mitochondria for energy
(3) tail is long flagellum
produced by microtubule
protein
Male cells
(2) sertoli cells form a barrier around
sperm to protect it from immune
system. S cells are called “nurse”
cells
(3) they secrete testicular fluid that
serves as a transport medium