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The American Nation
Chapter 4 – Section 4
Roots of Self-Government
The Thirteen English
Colonies, 1630–1750
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Roots of Self-Government
Chapter 4, Section 4
Objectives to learn:
• Why did England want to regulate colonial
trade?
• What were colonial governments like?
• How were the liberties of the colonists
limited?
I. England Regulated Colonial Trade
Chapter 4, Section 4
A. England believed in an economic theory called
mercantilism, which said:
1. A nation became strong by strictly controlling its
trade.
2. A country should export more than it imported.
a. Exports - goods sent to markets outside a
country
b. Imports goods brought into a country
Colonists were encouraged to build their own ships.
I. England Regulated Colonial Trade
B. To enforce mercantilism, England
passed the Navigation Acts in the 1650s Laws that regulated trade between
England and the colonies so that England
benefited.
1. Only colonial or English ships could
carry goods to and from the colonies.
2. Colonial merchants could ship goods
such as tobacco and cotton only to
England.
I. England Regulated Colonial Trade – Trade in Rum
and Slaves
Chapter 4, Section 4
A.
B.
C.
Yankees — a nickname for New England traders—dominated colonial trade.
Colonial merchants developed many trade routes. One route was known as
the triangular trade
Colonial merchants sometimes defied the Navigation Acts by buying goods
from the Dutch, French, and Spanish West Indies.
The Triangular Trade (2:24)
II. What Colonial Governments Were Like
Chapter 4, Section 4
Part of Government
How Chosen
What They Did
Governor
appointed by the king or
by the colony’s
proprietor
directed the colony’s
affairs and enforced
laws
Legislature
people who had the
power to make laws
upper house—a group of
advisers appointed by
the governor
made laws
lower house—an elected
assembly
approved laws; protected
the rights of citizens;
approved taxes
Colonial Governments (:30)
III. Rights Under Colonial Governments
Chapter 4, Section 4
A.
B.
C.
D.
Colonists had rights as English Subjects.
1688 In the Glorious Revolution, Parliament replaced King
James II with William and Mary from the Netherlands to rule.
1689 William and Mary signed the English Bill of Rights. (bill
of rights - a written list of freedoms the government
promised to protect)
1. Protected rights of individuals
2. Guaranteed right to trial by jury
3. Said the ruler could not raise taxes or army without
approval of Parliament
Some colonists had the right to vote:
1. White Christian men over the age of 21 who owned
property
2. In some colonies, only members of a particular church
IV. Limits on Liberties of Colonists
Chapter 4, Section 4
A. Women had fewer rights than free, white males.
B. Married women had fewer rights than unmarried
women and widows.
C. Africans had almost no rights.
D. Native Americans had almost no rights.
Colonial Life Under British Rule (4:36)
Section 4 Assessment
Chapter 4, Section 4
England passed the Navigation Acts to see to it that
a) colonial merchants would become wealthy.
b) only England benefited from colonial trade.
c) England would import more than it exported.
d) colonial merchants had to compete with foreign merchants.
Colonial legislatures included an assembly elected by
a) Christian white men over 21 who owned property.
b) all colonists who owned property.
c) married Christian men and women.
d) all colonists who went to church.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.
Section 4 Assessment
Chapter 4, Section 4
England passed the Navigation Acts to see to it that
a) colonial merchants would become wealthy.
b) only England benefited from colonial trade.
c) England would import more than it exported.
d) colonial merchants had to compete with foreign merchants.
Colonial legislatures included an assembly elected by
a) Christian white men over 21 who owned property.
b) all colonists who owned property.
c) married Christian men and women.
d) all colonists who went to church.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.