Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Bologna
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The teacher’s integrity Professor Kirsi Tirri University of Helsinki Finland University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Ethical dilemmas in teaching • Teachers are not always aware of the moral impact of their actions (Jackson et al 1993) • Teachers are ill-prepared for dealing with ethical dilemmas they have identified in their work (Lyons 1990, Tirri 1999) • Ethical dilemmas are very content- and context specific (Tirri 1999) University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Teachers’ professional morality • The teacher’s role has changed – – – – – views of teaching and learning international co-operation multiculturalism increased autonomy interaction skills University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The values behind the teacher’s professional ethics • • • • Human worth Honesty Justice Freedom University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Ethics in the school community • Vision • Power and hierarchy • Individuality and collaboration • Commitment University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Virtue ethics • Aristotle • Emphasis on the personality • Ethical sensitivity • Moral exemplars • Commitment to personal growth University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Principles of justice • Equality • Equity • Need University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The data source • Early education teachers – 26 written responses • Secondary school teachers – 59 interviews – 44 questionnaires • Ninth-grade students – 98 written responses – 40 interviews – 40 questionnaires University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Early education data • Kindergarten and elementary school teachers (N=26) • Essays on real-life moral dilemmas in their work • The data was analyzed by qualitative content analysis (Strauss & Corbin 1990) – The themes and the relationships involved in the conflicts – Successful and unsuccessful decisions to these conflicts University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Conflicts between a teacher and parents (N=10) • Do the actions of the parents serve the best interest of a child? – The most suitable educational arrangement for the child – Evident problems at home • Teachers took the perspective of a child – Evaluation of the situation and suggestions for the parents – Parents’ responsibility was to make the choice for the child University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Conflicts between a teacher and a colleague (N=8) • A colleague had behaved in a cruel way towards a child – hurtful use of language – purposeful actions to humiliate the child • Questions of power and hierarchy • Conflicts involving colleagues are the most difficult ones to solve (Campbell 1996, Colnerud 1997, Tirri 1999) • Norms of collegial loyalty keep teachers from defending the pupils University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Conflicts between a teacher and the whole community (N=8) • Educational philosophy of the community • The ethos of the community • A lack of discourse about the means and the ends of education • Open discussion is needed to establish guidelines for organizational morality University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Ethic of care • Moral stance of care in teachers’ professional ethics (Gilligan 1982, Noddings 1984) • Fundamental needs of children (Clark 1995) – to be loved, to be led, to be vulnerable, to make sense, to please others, to have hope, to know truth, to be known, to be safe, to make one’s mark University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The values and virtues of teachers • Bravery – teachers’ courage to confront parents or colleagues in the troubled circumstances • Truthfulness – teachers’ own ideals and ethics – seek the truth in the difficult conflicts – straightforwardness in identifying the vices • Justice – equality and fairness in the application of rules and norms University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Schools • Havukoski (urban secondary school) – circa 400 students (15% foreigners) – 33 teachers – teachers active and willing to develop their school • Maikkula (rural secondary school) – same size school as Havukoski – students more homogeneous than in Havukoski – co-operative and active teachers University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Matters related to teachers’ work • • • • • • • • • Grading Punishing Confidentiality Sensitive issues Colleague Teaching criticism Impolite language Neglecting students Biased attitude University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The morality of students’ behavior • • • • Harassment Negative attitude towards learning Cheating Impolite speech and behavior University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 The rights of minority groups • • • • Religious beliefs Ethnic identity Trustworthiness of minority students Students’ racial attitudes University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Common rules in school • Forbidden things – smoking – playing cards University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Problem-solving strategies • • • • • Avoiding Delegating Single-handed decision Discourse I (incomplete discourse) Discourse II (complete discourse) University of Helsinki 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Teachers: Harassment 30 25 20 15 Havukoski 10 Maikkula 5 0 Avoiding University of Helsinki Delegating Single handed decision Discourse 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Students: Harassment 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Avoiding University of Helsinki Delegating Single handed decision Discourse Havukoski Maikkula 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Teachers: Fighting 25 20 15 10 5 0 Avoiding University of Helsinki Delegating Single handed decision Discourse Havukoski Maikkula 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Students: Fighting 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Avoiding University of Helsinki Delegating Single handed decision Discourse Havukoski Maikkula 7/6/2017 EFTRE conference Edinburgh 2001 Roundtable discussion in schools Teacher Student Principles of justice Students’ needs Student Teachers’ virtues Parent University of Helsinki Round table discussion School Psychologist Decision-making strategies Minister 7/6/2017
