Download Effects of the Civil War, Reconstruction, and the Industrial Revolution

Effects of the Civil War,
Reconstruction, and the Industrial
Revolution
CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARD 11.1.4
Specific Objective
• Examine the effects of the Civil War and
Reconstruction and the of the Industrial Revolution,
including demographics shifts and emergence in the
late nineteenth century of the United States as a
world power.
Event
Effects
Civil War and Reconstruction • The need for war supplies during the Civil War
led to rapid growth of industry and cities in the
North.
•The Civil War destroyed the South’s economy.
Because the war was fought mostly in the South,
it’s bridges, roads, and farmlands were destroyed.
Property values declined, personal and
government debts increased, and the population
suffered devastating losses.
•New labor systems such as the contract system
and sharecropping kept many former slaves locked
in a cycle of debt and poverty.
• Constitutional amendments and other laws
abolished slavery and guaranteed basic rights of
former slaves. African Americans became educated
and took part in state and federal government
Event
• Civil War and
Reconstruction
Continued
Effect
• Southern states restricted African-Americans voting rights
through literacy tests and poll taxes. Grandfather clauses
allowed many poor illiterate whites to vote but discriminated
against African-Americans. The Supreme Court ruled that
these laws did not refer to specifically to race and so did not
violate the 15th Amendment
• Jim Crow laws established segregation. In Plessy v. Ferguson
(1896), the Supreme Court said that “separate but equal”
facilities did not violate the 14th Amendment.
Demographic Shift
• Both sides lost thousands of young men.
• African Americans moved from rural to urban South; in
some cities, African Americans became the majority. African
Americans also moved to Northern cities and to the West.
Event
Effect
• Industrial Revolution • The United States shifted from a mostly rural to an
industrial society after the Civil War.
• Railroad lines expanded. People, raw materials,
farm produce, and finished products could be moved
quickly throughout the country.
Demographic Shift
• Mechanization of farming displaced many farm
workers, especially African Americans.
U.S. Emergence as a World Power
• In the late 19th century, U.S. industry made more
products than American citizens could consume. The
United States looked abroad for raw materials for
manufacturing and new markets for selling U.S.
goods. The need for foreign trade was a factor in the
growth of American imperialism.