Download Ch. 6.2 Classifying the Elements

Ch. 6.2 Classifying the
Elements
Squares in the Periodic Table
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The table contains symbols and names of
the elements, plus information about the
structure of their atoms.
Symbol for solids, liquids, gasses, and
manmade elements are color-coded
according to the table’s legend.
Background colors in the squares
distinguish groups of elements.
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Representative groups include Alkali
Metals (1A), Alkali Earth Metals (2A),
Transition Metals, Nonmetals,
Halogens, Metalloids, Other Metals,
and Noble Gasses.
Electron Configuration in
Groups
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Elements can be sorted into noble
gasses, representative elements,
transition metals, or inner transition
metals based on their electron
configurations.
Noble gasses have completely filled s
and p sublevels.
Representative Elements
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Have a wide range of physical and
chemical properties.
The s and p sublevels of the highest
occupied energy level are not filled.
For any representative element, its
group number indicates the number of
electrons in the highest occupied
energy level.
Transition Elements
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In the periodic table, the A groups on
the left side are separated from the A
groups on the right side by the B
groups, referred to as the transition
elements.
Transition metals—the highest
occupied s sublevel and a nearby d
sublevel contain electrons.
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Inner transition metals—below the
main body of the periodic table…the
highest occupied s sublevel and a
nearby f sublevel contain electrons.
Blocks of Elements
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The s block contains elements in
groups 1A and 2A plus helium.
The p block contains elements in
groups 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A,
except for helium.
Transition metals belong to d block.
Principal energy level is one less than
the period number.
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Inner transition metals belong to f
block. Principal energy level is two
less than the period number.