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Phylum Chordata • Have a notochord in embryo – Strong, rod-like structure that can bend • Chordates include all of the vertebrates and two groups of invertebrates Types of Chordates: Invertebrates 1. Lancelets and tunicates Vertebrates 1. Fish 2. Amphibians 3. Birds 4. Reptiles 5. Mammals Invertebrate Chordates Tunicate Adult Tunicate Larva Sessile Tadpole-like http://evolution.berkeley.edu/ Lancelet http://www.ramblincameras.com/ 3quarksdaily.com Chordates: Fishes • 4 groups of fish: – Lampreys Jawless, long & Snakelike, no scales – Hagfish – Cartilaginous fish (have flexible skeleton made of cartilage) – examples sharks, rays – Bony fish (skeletons contain bone) – salmon, trout • Fish breath through gills – Absorb dissolved oxygen in water • Fish are Ectotherms – Cold blooded – Blood temperature changes with surroundings Fishes (continued) • Swim bladder – gas filled sac, controls floating in fish • Lateral line system – row of sensory organs that run on both sides of the body of fishes • Operculum – protective flap that covers the gills of bony fishes