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Transcript
Electric Currents In this activity you will: In this activity you will learn about two types of circuits. You will write a paragraph comparing and contrasting circuits. Electric Currents An electric current is a flow of electric charges. A circuit is the path that is made for an electric current. Series Circuit A circuit that only has one path for current to flow through is called a series circuit. Series Circuit If the path is broken, no current flows through the circuit. Series Current is NOT a good idea for Christmas tree lights. One bulb blows and they all blow out. Parallel Circuits A type of circuit that has more than one path for current is called a parallel circuit. Parallel Circuits If one part of the path is removed, the current continues to flow through the other paths of the circuit. In a parallel circuit, if something blocks the charges on one path, the charges can keep flowing on the next path. Types of Circuits The two types of circuits are called open circuit and closed circuit. In order for electric current to flow, the circuit must be CLOSED! A switch controls the opening and closing of a circuit. Example: flashlight Resistance How much material opposes, or resists, the flow of electric current. Resistance causes the flow of electricity to slow down. The electric current in a circuit is like traffic on a road. If the road has a lot of lanes, traffic can move easily. What happens if the road goes to just one lane? The traffic slows down. Resistance A wire’s thickness and length affect it’s resistance. Filament- The thin wire that resist the flow of electricity. Short Circuit When an electric current tries to take a short cut, or flow where it is not wanted is called a Short Circuit. When a short circuit happens the circuit stops working. The cord going to a lamp has two wires that are covered in plastic to keep them from touching. What happens if the plastic breaks and the wires touch? A short circuit. Short Circuit safety devices: FuseA fuse will melt if it gets to hot, a short circuit will cause the fuse to get to hot and melt and the circuit is broken. No damage is done. Model a Series and a Parallel Circuit Use a line of several students to represent a wire. Use two or more balls to represent current. Arrange the “wire” to represent a series circuit. Move “current” through the circuit. What happens if the wire “breaks?” Repeat to model a parallel circuit. Compare and contrast the two models. In-Class/ Homework Assignment Interactive Text: pages 70-77