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CRT Review
1st Quarter
FOCUS QUESTIONS
Answer each focus question.
George Custer
• What was the name of the battle he led?
• What was the outcome of the battle?
George Custer
• Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876
• Custer and his entire army were killed.
Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse
• These two leaders joined together to defeat
which army general?
Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse
• George Custer
• Custer was known and famous as being a
Civil War veteran.
Geronimo
• Name of the tribe he led?
• Led raids against the U.S. army in what
area?
Geronimo
• Apache
• Arizona
Lakota/Sioux
• What animal did they follow as a food
source?
• What was the name of the area where they
lived?
Lakota/Sioux
• buffalo
• Great Plains
Plains Indians
• What term is used to describe these Indian
nations?
Plains Indians
• nomadic
John Dewey
• What were his views on progressive
education?
John Dewey
• That schools should relate learning to the
interests, problems, and concerns of
students.
• That schools should get away from rote
memorization of simple facts.
W.E.B. DuBois
• What organization did he help to found?
W.E.B. DuBois
• NAACP
(National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People)
Jan E. Matzeliger
• Who was he?
• What did he do?
Jan E. Matzeliger
• Famous African-American inventor
• Invented the shoe-making machine
Henry Ford
• What type of car was Henry Ford famous
for producing?
• What process did he use to produce cars?
• How did the assembly line affect industry?
Henry Ford
• Model T
• assembly line
• led to mass production (companies could
now produce goods faster)
George Washington Carver
• Who was he?
• Where did he teach?
George Washington Carver
• Famous African-American scientist
• He taught at the Tuskegee Institute
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
and
Susan B. Anthony
• What organization was led by these
women?
• What was the main focus of the
organization?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
and
Susan B. Anthony
• National Woman Suffrage Association
(NWSA)
• gaining suffrage (the right to vote)
Theodore Roosevelt
• How did he become President?
• Why was he known as the trustbuster?
Theodore Roosevelt
• because President McKinley was
assassinated – shot and killed.
• because he used the Justice Department to
indict (or convict) 25 different industries
that were accused of being monopolies, or
trusts.
Transcontinental Railroad
• How did it help Manifest Destiny (or the
idea of expanding the United States)?
• What were the effects of the railroad?
Transcontinental Railroad
• It connected the Atlantic coast and Pacific
coast.
• The following answers are correct:
- it connected and built cities
- brought workers out West
- industries (businesses) expanded into the
West.
Gold Rush of 1859
• What metal started the mining rush?
• What U.S. state saw 50,000 prospectors
searching for gold?
Gold Rush of 1859
• gold
• Colorado (Pikes Peak)
Chisholm Trail
• What long famous trail was used by
ranchers to drive cattle?
• What became known as the Long Drive?
Chisholm Trail
• Chisholm Trail
• herding cattle for over 1,000 miles
Homestead Act
• What was this policy, or what did the law
state?
• What was the purpose of the law?
Homestead Act
• People would get 160 acres of land for free
out West, but they must sign a paper saying
they would live on the land for at least 5
years.
• to get people to move out West and to settle
the land.
National Grange
• Why was it founded?
• What did the organization do?
National Grange
• FIRST self-help organization for farmers.
• offered farmers education, support, and
fellowship.
Farmers’ Alliances
• What political party was started by this
organization?
Farmers’ Alliances
• People’s Party (Populist Party)
Indian Peace Commission
(1867)
• What was its purpose?
• What did this commission recommend?
Indian Peace Commission
(1867)
• to develop a policy towards Native
Americans.
• to move Indians to reservations.
Dawes Act (1887)
• What was the purpose of this law?
• What was the main goal?
Dawes Act (1887)
• To get rid of Native American traditions and
end their nomadic life. To get rid of Indians
lack of private property.
• To assimilate Native American Indians and
blend them into American culture. For
Native American Indians to become farmers
and American citizens.
Pullman Strike
• Why were these workers on strike?
• What was the outcome of the strike?
Pullman Strike
• The Pullman company cut, and lowered, the
railroad workers’ wages.
• U.S. Attorney General Richard Olney had to
obtain an injunction to stop the strike.
(Eugene V. Debs – leader of the strike – was
sent to jail)
American Federation of Labor
(AFL)
• Who formed the AFL?
• What was the AFL?
American Federation of Labor
(AFL)
• a group of national trade unions.
• a union that represented skilled workers.
Sixteenth Amendment (1913)
• What power does it give to the government?
Sixteenth Amendment (1913)
• granted Congress the power to collect taxes
on people’s incomes. (income tax)
Nineteenth Amendment
(1919-1920)
• What right did it give to women?
Nineteenth Amendment
(1919-1920)
• the right to vote (suffrage)
Ellis Island and the
Statue of Liberty
• Where is Ellis Island located?
• Why was the Statue of Liberty important to
immigrants?
Ellis Island and the
Statue of Liberty
• New York City in the harbor
• It was the entrance for immigrants coming
into the United States, a symbol of hope and
freedoms.
Nativist Movement
• What contributed to tensions between
Americans and the new immigrants?
• What did Nativists believe?
Nativist Movement
• Ethnic, racial, and religious differences led
to the Nativist movement.
• Nativists believed that immigrants would
take their jobs and cause an increase in
crime rates in American cities.
Progressive Movement
• What is an example of corruption in the
cities?
• Give one example of reform (change)
during the Progressive Movement.
Progressive Movement
• landlords giving bribes to politicians to
overlook violations in the tenements (this
led to horrible living conditions in slums).
• Example of reform:
direct election of U.S. Senators
(17th Amendment)
** this gave power back to the people.
Springfield Riot
• What did this riot reveal to the rest of the
nation?
Springfield Riot
• the deep racial divisions in American life.
(racism and discrimination still existed
between the different races in America)
Morrill Act
• What did this law fund?
Morrill Act
• It funded money to build land-grant
colleges.
Example:
Auburn University
Effect of the Assembly Line
• What was the main effect?
Effect of the Assembly Line
• Companies could produce goods faster, sell
the goods at a lower price, therefore, more
people could afford to buy the good.
Example:
more people could now afford the Model T
Effect of the Light Bulb
• What was the main effect?
Effect of the Light Bulb
• it led to the construction of power plants.
KEY TERMS
Must identify and define each of the
key terms.
Subsidies
• Grants of money from the government, in
the form of financial aid or land grants.
Example:
-subsidies were used to provide funding to
build the railroads.
Transcontinental
• a railroad line that would span the American
continent from the Atlantic to Pacific coasts.
Example:
the transcontinental railroad
Homestead
• to earn ownership of land by settling on it.
Example:
The Homestead Act was passed to get people
to move out West.
nomadic
• A way of life where you don’t stay in one
place for too long. (constant traveling)
Example:
The Native American Indians were nomadic
because they traveled to hunt buffalo.
Factors of Production
• 3 things you must have to start a business:
1) Land
2) Labor (workers)
3) Capital (money and goods)
**these are all resources needed to help the
American economy.
referendum
• Gave voters the opportunity to accept (Vote
YES) or reject (Vote NO) measures that the
state legislature enacted.
• Part of the Oregon System to give power
back to the people.
YWCA
• Young Women’s Christian Association
• This is a way that religious groups could offer
help to the poor people in the cities.
• It offered recreation centers where children could
meet and play.
SAME AS THE YMCA, but sponsored by women.
Do we still have the YMCA and YWCA?
YES
assimilate
• to become part of American culture.
Example:
Most Americans wanted the immigrants to
blend into American culture. To become
more like us!
tenements
• Where the poor immigrants lived in the
urban cities.
• Run-down apartment buildings located in
city slums.
• Very small and crowded.
discrimination
• treating a person unfairly because of their
race, religion, ethnic background, place of
birth, age, or gender.
Does discrimination still take place in
America?
yellow journalism
• Newspaper writers that attracted readers by
exaggerating the dramatic or gruesome
aspects of their stories.
• A sensational writing style.
Example:
William Randolph Hearst was a yellow
journalist.
He wrote about several murders!!
vaudeville shows
• A form of entertainment during the early
1900’s.
• These were variety shows that included
dancing, singing, comedy, circus, and magic
acts.
• Vaudevilles were extremely popular
because most people could afford the ticket
price.
mass production
• The production of large quantities of goods
more quickly.
• Led to decrease in manufacturing costs
which allowed products and goods to be
sold much more cheaply.
Example:
Henry Ford’s assembly line led to mass
production of Model T’s.
sweatshops
• dark, crowded workshops and factories
where immigrants usually worked.
• Horrible working conditions that resulted in
very low and unequal pay.
LED TO STRIKES!!
THE END