Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Ch. 1 - Matter I. States of Matter Kinetic Energy States of Matter A. Kinetic Energy Particles of matter are always in motion. The kinetic energy (speed) of these particles increases as temperature increases. B. Four States of Matter Solids very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around fixed shape fixed volume B. Four States of Matter Liquids low KE - particles can move around but are still close together Variable shape fixed volume B. Four States of Matter Gases high KE - particles can separate and move to fill the container variable shape variable volume B. Four States of Matter Plasma very high KE - particles collide with enough energy to break into charged particles (+/-) gas-like, variable shape & volume stars Ch. 1 - Matter I. Matter Flowchart Pure Substances Mixtures A. Matter Flowchart MATTER yes MIXTURE yes Is the composition uniform? Homogeneous Mixture (solution) PURE SUBSTANCE no Heterogeneous Mixture Colloids no Can it be physically separated? yes Can it be chemically decomposed? Compound Suspensions no Element A. Matter Flowchart Example: a. Pure substance or Mixture b. Type of Pure substance or Type of mixture Type of Matter: a. Pure substance or Mixture b. Type of Pure substance or Type of mixture 1. Graphite (carbon) a. Pure substance b. element 2. Pepper a. Mixture b. Heterogeneous 3. Sugar (sucrose) a. Pure substance b. compound 4. Soda a. Mixture b. Homogeneous B. Pure Substances Element composed of identical atoms EX: Cu, Al, H2, O2 B. Pure Substances Compound 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio properties differ from those of individual elements EX: table salt (NaCl); water (H2O) C. Mixtures Combination of 2 or more pure substances. Heterogeneous Homogeneous C. Mixtures A. Homogenous solution very small particles particles don’t settle EX: rubbing alcohol C. Mixtures B. Hetergeneous 1. Colloid medium-sized particles particles don’t settle EX: milk C. Mixtures Suspension heterogeneous large particles particles settle EX: fresh-squeezed lemonade C. Mixtures Examples: mayonnaise colloid muddy water suspension fog colloid saltwater solution Italian salad dressing suspension Ch. 1 - Matter II. Properties & Changes in Matter Physical vs. Chemical Physical Property can be observed without changing the identity of the substance Chemical Property describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity Physical vs. Chemical Examples: melting point physical flammable chemical density physical magnetic physical tarnishes in air chemical Physical vs. Chemical Physical Change changes the form of a substance without changing its identity properties remain the same Chemical Change changes the identity of a substance products have different properties Physical vs. Chemical Signs of a Chemical Change change in color or odor formation of a gas formation of a precipitate (solid) change in light or heat Physical vs. Chemical Examples: rusting iron chemical dissolving in water physical burning a log chemical melting ice physical grinding spices physical