Download The War of 1812

The War of 1812
“aka”
nd
The 2 Fight for Independence
1812-1814
Madison is in office and tensions with
Britain are rising quickly
Non-Intercourse Act
► Forbid
trade (embargo) with France or Britain
► will reopen trade with country that removed its
trade restrictions first…
 trying to play Britain and France against each other
► In
1810 Congress said:
 US would trade with both
 but if either country agreed to drop its restrictions,
the US would stop importing goods from the other
that didn’t…
 France takes the bait while Britain holds out
Tecumseh and Tippecanoe
► Tecumseh
tries to unite
Indians against white
settlers who were taking
their land
 The British were arming
them with weapons
► William
Henry
Harrison goes with
troops to Tippecanoe and
burns their town…they
give up more land
► War
Causes of War of 1812
Hawks: Members of
Congress that voted for the
war
 Mainly Southern and Western
farmers
► Why
go to War? (Causes)
1. Impressment (biggest
cause)
2. Freedom of the seas
3. trade restrictions
►
Too many embargoes and tariffs
4. Native Americans were
being armed by the British
They get War in June 1812
John Calhoun
War Strategies
American
Attack Canada on foot…
unsuccessful
► Take British ships
► Defeat Natives
►
British
Navy raid cities along
the coast
► Cut New England off
from the rest of the
country
► Seize New Orleans and
close the Mississippi
River to western
farmers …America
would be forced to
make peace
►
Let’s Review!
1.
Which of the following was NOT
a cause of the War of 1812?
a. Native American support from
the British
b. 1810 Congress
c. Impressment of US sailors
d. Interference with trade
2.
What resulted from Tecumseh’s
attempt to stop white
encroachment on native land?
a. Natives were defeated and forced
to give up their land.
b. Natives were defeated and
slaughtered by William Henry
Harrison.
c. Natives were successful at
repelling white migration into
Native lands.
3.
Why would capturing New
Orleans force the US to
surrender?
a. Native Americans would ret-take
the land
b. The US would be unable to ship
supplies on the Mississippi River
c. The British would build a fort
there
d. Other nations would attack a
weakened US
4.
Which strategy seems better?
The British or American. Why?
Raid on Washington, D.C.
► British
fleet within
marching distance of
capitol
► defeated the militia and
entered the city
unopposed
► Madison and other
officials fled
► Burnt the White House
and the Capitol
…American morale at all
time low
Baltimore
► Baltimore
was ready for
British after burning of
capitol
► Finally the British left
after hours of
bombardment on Fort
McHenry
 Francis Scott Key
celebrated the American
victory by writing the
“Star Spangled Banner”
The Battle of New Orleans
► Victory
led by General
Andrew Jackson
► Fought 2 weeks after
Treaty of Ghent (ended
war) was signed
► leads to increase in
patriotism
► Jackson becomes a war
hero…what will he be
next?
The Treaty of Ghent
► Treaty
ended the War of
1812 but nothing else
really changed
► The war increased
American prestige on the
seas and created a new
spirit of
patriotism/nationalism
The Hartford Convention
►New
England’s/Federalists opposition
was increasing
►New Englanders met in Hartford,
Connecticut to consider secession
(leaving the Union)
►Significance: Their threat of secession
will destroy the Federalist Party
The Results of War of 1812
►Andrew
Jackson is a national hero
►Destroyed the Federalist Party
because
 of Hartford Convention
 against war but an American victory
►nationalism
surged
►Indian defeats created 4 new states
Adams-Onis Treaty
►Spain
ceded
(gave)
Florida to
America
Let’s Review!
1.
What act by the British demoralized
the US?
a. Raid on Baltimore
b. Raid on Washington DC
c. Battle of New Orleans
d. Battle of Tippecanoe
2.
What were the terms of the Treaty of
Ghent?
a. The US was forced to give up
land
b. The British were forced to give
up land
c. No land changed hands
d. The US was allowed to purchase
land from the British
3.
How did New England express their
frustration with the war?
a. They seceded from the Union
b. They held marches at the White
House
c. They met to discuss secession
but rejected it.
d. They refused to continue sending
soldiers.
4.
Which of the following was NOT a
lasting impact of the War of 1812?
a. Federalist Party dies out
b. British become stronger
c. Nationalism grows due to pride
d. Native Americans loose land in
the West