Download Energy Sources and Properties Notes

Energy Sources and Properties Notes
6-5.1 Identify the sources and properties of heat, solar, chemical, mechanical, and electrical energy.
What is Energy? the ability to cause change and do work
Thermal Heat Energy (HE)
-Heat Energy is the transfer of
thermal energy
energy that is associated with the
motion of the particles of a
substance
-Remember that all matter is made up of
particles too small to be seen.
Properties:
-All matter is made up of atoms
(particles) that move faster when
they heat up.
-The faster the particles move,
the higher the temperature.
-Heat energy always moves from hotter objects
to
cooler objects.
Sources:
-Material (wood, candle wax) that is burning, the Sun, etc .
Which state of matter has the most
energy? _______________
How do you know? (Prove it with
evidence from the picture)
Chemical Energy (CE)
-Energy stored within chemical bonds in matter.
Properties:
-Stored in particles of matter
-Released when particles react to form
new substances
Sources:
-Sugar, food, batteries
Radiant Energy
- Energy which is transferred through
electromagnetic that travels in waves such as visible
light, ultraviolet light or X-rays.
- Sources: stars, lightbulbs, microwaves
Solar Energy (SE) is a type of radiant energy.
-Energy from the Sun through space which provides
heat and light energy for Earth
Properties:
-Solar photovoltaic cells can be used to convert to
electrical energy
-Green plants use for solar energy during
photosynthesis to produce sugar (sugar contains
stored chemical energy)
-Visible and invisible light
Sources:
-The Sun, solar cells, stars
-Most of the energy that we use on Earth originally
came from the Sun.
Electrical Energy (EE)
-Energy flowing in an electric circuit
Properties:
-Can be stored chemical energy
-Electrons flowing in an
electrical circuit
Sources:
-stored chemical
energy in
batteries
-solar energy in solar
cells
-fuels or hydroelectric energy in
generators (from a dam)
Mechanical Energy (ME)
-Energy due to the motion (kinetic) and position (potential) of an object.
-Mechanical Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy
Properties:
-When objects are set in motion or are in a position where they can be set in
motion, they have mechanical energy.
-When an object is in position to be set in motion, it is Mechanical Potential
Energy
-When an object is set in motion it is Mechanical Kinetic Energy
Sources:
-Mechanical, potential, kinetic
-When objects are set in motion or are in a position where they
can be set in motion, they have mechanical energy.
Mechanical Potential Energy (MPE):
-Potential energy is stored energy.
-Related to the position of an object.
-A stretched rubber band has elastic potential energy.
-Water behind a dam has potential energy because it can fall
down the dam.
-A book on a shelf has potential energy. Since gravity can pull the
book to the floor, this is called gravitational potential energy.
The height and mass of an object affect gravitation potential
energy.
+ Gravitational potential energy is greater when:
~the height of an object is greater because more kinetic energy was required to raise the object to the greater
height.
~the mass of the object is greater because more kinetic energy is required to lift the heavier object.
Mechanical Kinetic Energy (MKE):
-Kinetic energy is the energy an object has
due to its motion.
-Mechanical kinetic energy increases as an
object moves faster.
-A moving car has kinetic energy. If the car
moves faster, it has more kinetic energy.
Energy Sources and Properties Notes
2. What uses moving electrons as an energy source?
3. What is the transfer of energy from one object to another called?
4. The faster an object the higher the _______________ energy.
5. An object is lying on the floor. What is its potential energy?
6. Does a roller coaster use kinetic energy, potential energy, or both to run?
7. If a _______________ is not connected, electrical energy will not flow.
8. What energy can travel across space to reach us? __________
9. A stretched rubber band has which energy stored in it?
10. Which has more potential energy? a. Bowling ball held up 1 meter b. Bowling ball held up 2 meters
11. Which has more potential energy? a. Bowling ball held up 1 meter b. Tennis ball held up 1 meter
12. Which has more kinetic energy? a. Car moving 12 km/hour b. Car moving at 25 km/hour