Download Chapter 22- Properties of Atoms and the Periodic Table

Chapter 16- Properties of Atoms and the Periodic Table
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II.
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Structure of the Atom
a. _____________ are abbreviated in scientific shorthand- first letter or two of
an element’s name.
b. ____________- smallest piece of matter that still has the properties of the
element
i. ____________ have electrical charge of 1+.
ii. ____________ do not have an electrical charge.
iii. ____________ have electrical charge of 1-.
iv. Protons and neutrons are in the ________________ of an atom;
electrons surround the nucleus.
c.
i. Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called
____________.
ii. Six quarks are known to exist; the sixth is called the _______ quark.
d. Scientists use scaled-up _____________ to represent atoms.
i. Early models of atoms used a solid ______________.
ii. Current ___________________ model shows electrons traveling in
specific energy levels around a nucleus of protons and neutrons.
Masses of Atoms
a. _________________- composed mostly of the protons and neutrons in the
nucleus
i. Unit of measurement of atomic particles is ___________________
which is one-twelfth the mass of a carbon atom containing six protons
and six neutrons.
ii. _________________- the number of protons in an atom; number of
protons also identifies the element.
iii. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an
atom is the ___________________.
b. ______________- atoms of the same element with different numbers of
neutrons
i. Different isotopes have different _________________.
ii. Number of _______________ is equal to mass number minus atomic
number.
iii. Name of _______________ followed by mass number identifies the
isotopes.
iv. ______________________________ is the weighted-average mass of
an element’s isotopes.
v. Average atomic mass is closest to its most a_______________
isotope.
The Periodic Table
a. Elements are organized in the _________________ by increasing atomic
number.
i. In the late 1800’s, Dmitri Mendeleev devised the first periodic table
based on __________________.
ii. In 1913, Henry G. J. Moseley arranged the elements by
__________________ rather than atomic mass.
b. Vertical columns in the periodic table are _____________ of elements with
similar properties.
i. Elements in the same group have the same number of ____________
in their outer energy level.
ii. Each of the seven energy levels can have a ________________
number of electrons.
1. Energy level one can contain at most _______ electrons.
2. Energy level two can contain at most _______ electrons.
iii. Each row in the periodic table ends when an outer energy level is
_______________.
iv. ______________________ use the elements symbol and dots to
represent outer energy level electrons.
c. _____________- horizontal row of elements that contain increasing numbers
of protons and electrons.
i. Elements are ______________ as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids
(semimetals).
ii. Elements are ________________ in laboratories all over the world.
d. The _________ elements exist all over the universe.
i. Hydrogen and helium are the _________________ of other naturally
occurring elements.
ii. ________________ spread heavier elements throughout the universe.