Download APUSH Unit 4 Test Answer Section

APUSH Unit 4 Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin
c. fleeing to mountain hideaways.
a. fewer slaves were needed on the plantations.
d. purchasing their way out of slavery.
b. short-staple cotton lost popularity.
e. the objection to slaveholding by some white
c. slavery was reinvigorated.
women.
d. Thomas Jefferson predicted the gradual death
7. The great increase of the slave population in the
of slavery.
first half of the nineteenth century was largely due
e. the African slave trade was legalized.
to
2. All the following were true of the American
a. the reopening of the African slave trade in
economy under Cotton Kingdom except
1808.
a. cotton accounted for half the value of all
b. larger imports of slaves from the West Indies.
American exports after 1840.
c. natural reproduction.
b. the South produced more than half the entire
d. reenslavement of free blacks.
world's supply of cotton.
e. the deliberate breeding of slaves by plantation
c. 75 percent of the British supply of cotton came
owners.
from the South.
8. The profitable southern slave system
d. quick profits from cotton drew planters to its
a. hobbled the economic development of the
economic enterprise.
region as a whole.
e. the South reaped all the profits from the cotton
b. saw many slaves moving to the upper South.
trade.
c. led to the textile industry's development in the
3. All of the following were weaknesses of the slave
South first.
plantation system except that
d. relied almost totally on importing slaves to
a. it relied on a one-crop economy.
meet the unquenchable demand for labor.
b. it repelled a large-scale European immigration.
e. enabled the South to afford economic and
c. it stimulated racism among poor whites.
educational progress.
d. it created an aristocratic political elite.
9. By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black
e. its land continued to remain in the hands of the
belt" located in the
small farmers.
a. border states of Kentucky, Missouri, and
4. All told, only about ____ of white southerners
Maryland.
owned slaves or belonged to a slaveholding family.
b. Deep South states of Georgia, Alabama,
a. one fourth
Mississippi, and Louisiana.
b. one third
c. old South states of Virginia, North Carolina,
c. half
and South Carolina.
d. two thirds
d. new Southwest states of Texas, Arkansas, and
e. three fourths
Indian Territory.
e.
mountain regions of Tennessee, West Virginia,
5. Uncle Tom's Cabin was written by
and Kentucky.
a. Susan B. Anthony.
b. Lucrecia Mott.
10. Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the
c. Harriet Beecher Stowe.
following ways except by
d. Margaret Fuller.
a. slowing down the work pace.
e. Harriet Tubman.
b. conducting periodic successful slave rebellions.
c. sabotaging expensive equipment.
6. Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a
d. pilfering goods that their labor had produced.
result of
e. running away from their masters.
a. the prohibition of the Atlantic slave trade after
1807.
b. purchase by northern abolitionists.
11. As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of
their slaves and their fear of potential slave
rebellions, the South
a. formed alliances with white imperialists in
Africa.
b. adopted British attitudes toward the "peculiar
institution."
c. emancipated many slaves.
d. shed its image as a reactionary backwater.
e. developed a theory of biological racial
superiority.
12. Arrange the following in chronological order: the
founding of the (A) American Colonization
Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and
(C) Liberty party.
a. A, B, C
b. C, A, B
c. B, C, A
d. A, C, B
e. C, B, A
13. William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to
a. shipping freed blacks back to Africa.
b. outlawing the slave trade.
c. preventing the expansion of slavery beyond the
South.
d. forming an antislavery political party.
e. the immediate abolition of slavery in the South.
14. In arguing for the continuation of slavery after
1830, southerners
a. placed themselves in opposition to much of the
rest of the Western world.
b. were in opposition to the North but on the side
of the Western world.
c. failed to compare slaves with the northern
factory worker.
d. allowed considerable dissent in the South.
e. aligned themselves with leading European
intellectuals.
15. As a result of the panic of 1837
a. the U. S. established restrictions on foreign
loans.
b. Britain lent money to America, its close ally.
c. anti-British passions cooled in America.
d. the Democrats led America into war for more
territory.
e. several states defaulted on their debts to
Britain.
16. The British-American dispute over the border of
Maine was solved
a. by the Third War for American Independence.
b. by a compromise that gave each side some
territory.
c. when America was given all of the territory in
question.
d. by the Caroline incident.
e. by admitting Maine into the Union and New
Brunswick into Canada.
17. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A)
annexation of Texas, (B) Webster-Ashburton
Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary, and
(D) Aroostook War.
a. A, B, D, C
b. B, D, C, A
c. D, B, A, C
d. C, A, B, D
e. A, D, C, B
18. One argument against annexing Texas to the United
States was that the annexation
a. could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars
in America and Europe.
b. might give more power to the supporters of slavery.
c. was not supported by the people of Texas.
d. offered little political or economic value to America.
e. would lead to tensions and possible war with the
British.
19. Arrange in chronological order the United States'
acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B) Texas, and (C) California.
a. A, B, C
b. C, B, A
c. B, A, C
d. B, C, A
e. A, C, B
20. The area in dispute between the United States and Great
Britain in 1845 lay between the
a. forty-second parallel and the Columbia River.
b. Cascade Mountains, the Columbia River, and Puget
Sound.
c. 36 30 line and the Columbia River.
d. forty-ninth parallel and the 54 40 line.
e. Columbia River, the forty-ninth parallel, and the
Pacific Ocean.
21. In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth
of an American nation stretching across North America
was called
a. continentalism.
b. isolationism.
c. anglophobia.
d. Divine Mandate.
e. Manifest Destiny.
22. In 1846, the United States went to war with Mexico for
all of the following reasons except
a. the ideology of Manifest Destiny.
b. the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of
C.
D.
Winfield Scott
John C. Frémont
3.
4.
Santa Fe
Mexico City
Mexicans.
c. the desire to gain payment for damage claims
against the Mexican government.
d. the impulse to satisfy those asking for spot
resolutions.
e. Polk's desire to acquire California.
23. The first Old World Europeans to come to California
were
a. Russians.
b. French.
c. Dutch.
d. English.
e. Spanish.
24. When the war with Mexico began, President James
K. Polk
a. advocated taking all of Mexico.
b. believed the British would intervene on behalf
of the Americans.
c. hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the
conquest of California.
d. supported a large-scale conflict.
e. denied any intention of expanding slavery.
25. The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo,
ending the Mexican War, included
a. a guarantee of the rights of Mexicans living in
New Mexico.
b. United States annexation of all the territory
south of the Rio Grande.
c. the banning of slavery from all territory ceded
to the United States.
d. a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in
damages to the United States.
e. United States payment of $15 million for the
cession of northern Mexico.
26. The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during
the Mexican War, declared that
a. Mexican territory would not be annexed to the
United States.
b. slavery would be banned from all territories that
Mexico ceded to the United States.
c. the United States should annex all of Mexico.
d. the United States should have to pay Mexico a
financial indemnity for having provoked the war.
e. slavery in the territories would be determined by
popular sovereignty.
27. Match each American officer below with his theater of
command in the Mexican War.
A.
B.
Stephen W. Kearny
Zachary Taylor
1.
2.
northern Mexico
California
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
a. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
b. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
c. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
d. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
e. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
According to the principle of popular sovereignty,
the question of slavery in the territories would be
determined by
a. the most popular national leaders.
b. a national referendum by the Electoral College.
c. congressional legislation.
d. a Supreme Court decision.
e. the people in any given territory.
The event that threatened to destroy the
longstanding equality of free and slave states in the
United States Senate was the
a. passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
b. potential admission of Oregon as a free state.
c. attempt to acquire Cuba as a slave state.
d. proposed building of a southern
transcontinental railroad.
e. discovery of gold in California.
Harriet Tubman gained fame
a. by helping slaves to escape to Canada.
b. in the gold fields of California.
c. as an African American antislavery novelist.
d. as an advocate of the Fugitive Slave Law.
e. by urging white women to oppose slavery.
For his position in his Seventh of March speech,
Daniel Webster was viciously condemned by
a. northern Unionists.
b. northern banking and commercial interests.
c. abolitionists.
d. Henry Clay.
e. John C. Calhoun.
An event that helped the cause of compromise in
1850, was when President Zachary Taylor
a. led an invasion of Texas to halt its attempts to
take part of New Mexico.
b. supported fellow southerner John C. Calhoun's
plan for union.
c. died suddenly and Millard Fillmore became
president.
d. ushered in a second Era of Good Feelings.
e. decided not to run for re-election.
The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of
1850 to northerners was the decision concerning
a.
b.
c.
d.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
slavery in the District of Columbia.
slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories.
the new Fugitive Slave Law.
settlement of the Texas-New Mexico boundary
dispute.
e. continuation of the interstate slave trade.
The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 included all of the
following provisions except
a. the requirement that fugitive slaves be returned
from Canada.
b. denial of a jury trial to runaway slaves.
c. denial of fleeing slaves' right to testify on their
own behalf.
d. the penalty of imprisonment for northerners
who helped slaves to escape.
e. a higher payment if officials determined blacks
to be runaways.
The election of 1852 was significant because it
a. saw the victory of a pro-South northerner.
b. marked the return of issues-oriented
campaigning.
c. saw the rise of purely national parties.
d. marked the end of the Whig party.
e. saw the emergence of an antislavery third party.
The man who opened Japan to the United States
was
a. William Walker.
b. Franklin Pierce.
c. Lafcadio Hearn.
d. Clayton Bulwer.
e. Matthew Perry.
On July 3, 1844, the first formal diplomatic
agreement between the United States and China
was the
a. Ostend Manifesto.
b. Clayton-Bulwer Treaty.
c. Chinese Open-Door Treaty.
d. Treaty of Wanghia.
e. Hong Kong/Chinese Treaty.
A scheme to acquire Cuba from Spain in the 1850s
was known as the
a. Clayton-Bulwer Treaty.
b. Wilmot Proviso.
c. Kansas-Nebraska Act.
d. Gadsden Purchase.
e. Ostend Manifesto.
39. Stephen A. Douglas proposed that the question of
slavery in the Kansas-Nebraska Territory be decided by
a. popular sovereignty.
b. making Kansas a free territory and Nebraska a slave
territory.
c. the Supreme Court.
d. admitting California, Kansas, and Nebraska to the
Union as free states.
e. the winner of the next presidential election.
40. One of Stephen Douglas's mistakes in proposing the
Kansas-Nebraska Act was
a. not securing the transcontinental railroad for the
North.
b. overestimating the protest to the bill.
c. allowing slavery to spread into new territory.
d. underestimating the depth of northern opposition to
the spread of slavery.
e. believing that slavery could not survive in Kansas.
41. In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled in the Dred Scott
decision that
a. slavery was inconsistent with the constitution and
must be abolished.
b. protection of slavery was guaranteed in all the
territories of the West.
c. slavery would be constitutional only in those areas
that were already slave territories.
d. abolition of slavery would be done only in those
areas in which it is already abolished.
e. slavery was constitutional, but the slave trade was
unconstitutional.
42. Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin
a. intended to show the cruelty of slavery.
b. was prompted by passage of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act.
c. comprised the recollections of a long-time personal
witness to the evils of slavery.
d. received little notice at the time it was published but
became widely read during the Civil War.
e. portrayed blacks as militant resisters to slavery.
43. In "Bleeding Kansas" in the mid-1850s, ____
was/were identified with the proslavery element,
and ____ was/were associated with the antislavery
free-soilers.
a. Beecher's Bibles; border ruffians
b. John Brown; Preston Brooks
c. the Pottawatomie massacre; the sack of
Lawrence
d. the Lecompton Constitution; the New England
Immigrant Aid Society
e. Stephen A. Douglas; William Sumner
44. President James Buchanan's decision on Kansas's
Lecompton Constitution
a. hopelessly divided the Democratic party.
b. admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state.
c. admitted Kansas to the Union as a slave state.
d. reaffirmed the Democratic party as a national
party.
e. turned the focus of controversy to Nebraska.
45. The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles
Sumner revealed
a. the seriousness of political divisions in the North.
b. the importance of honor to northerners.
c. despite divisions over slavery, the House of
Representatives would unite to expel a member for
bad conduct.
d. passions over slavery were becoming dangerously
inflamed in both North and South.
e. the division between the House and the Senate over
slavery.
46. The central plank of the Know-Nothing party in the 1856
election was
a. popular sovereignty.
b. expansionism.
c. proslavery.
d. abolitionism.
e. nativism.
47. In the presidential election of 1856, the Republicans
a. revealed astonishing strength for a brand-new party.
b. lost behind their most popular leader, Senator
William Seward.
c. made their debut as the most successful third party
in American history.
d. proved unable to present a clear platform on slavery
expansion.
e. finished third behind the Democrats and the
Know-Nothings.
48. The real significance of the election of 1856 was
that it
a. showed that the Democrats still remained the
majority party in the country.
b. demonstrated the importance of charismatic
leadership in the presidency.
c. foreshadowed an ominous sectional clash over
slavery in the election of 1860.
d. marked the end of Senator Stephen Douglas's
presidential hopes.
e. signaled the demise of the Know-Nothing
(American) Party.
49. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Dred
Scott decision, (B) Lincoln-Douglas debates, (C)
Kansas-Nebraska Act, and (D) Harpers Ferry raid.
a. A, C, B, D
b. B, D, C, A
c. C, A, B, D
d. D, B, A, C
e. A, C, D, B
50. Secessionists supported leaving the Union for all of the
following reasons except
a. they were dismayed by the success of the
Republican party.
b. they believed that the North would not oppose their
departure.
c. the political balance seemed to be tipping against
them.
d. they were tired of abolitionist attacks.
e. they believed that Republicans had been infiltrating
their political ranks.
51. The panic of 1857 resulted in
a. a demand to end the government policy of
giving away farmland.
b. the extension of slavery to the territories.
c. price supports for farmers.
d. calls for restrictions on land and stock
speculation.
e. clamor for a higher tariff.
52. Stephen A. Douglas argued, in his Freeport Doctrine,
during the Lincoln-Douglas debates that
a. the Dred Scott decision was unconstitutional.
b. slavery would stay down if the people voted it
down.
c. no matter what the people wanted, the Supreme
Court was law.
d. Congress should reopen the Atlantic slave trade.
e. a new version of the Missouri Compromise was
needed.
53. In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to
a. call upon the slaves to rise and establish a black free
state.
b. arouse the South to secede from the Union.
c. stir West Virginia to break away from Virginia as a
free state.
d. demonstrate that blacks could fight for their
freedom.
e. seize weapons to start a guerrilla war against the
federal government.
54. Match each figure below with his role in the 1856
presidential campaign.
A.
John C. Frémont
1.
B.
Millard Fillmore
2.
C.
Stephen A. Douglas
3.
D.
James Buchanan
4.
Democratic nominee
for president
Republican nominee
for president
Know-Nothing
(American Party)
nominee for
president
Too tainted by
Kansas-Nebraska
Act to obtain
Democratic
nomination
c. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
d. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
e. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
a. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
b. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
55. Match each presidential candidate in the 1860 election below with his party's position on the slavery question.
A.
B.
C.
D.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Abraham Lincoln
Stephen Douglas
John Breckenridge
John Bell
A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
1.
2.
3.
4.
extend slavery into the territories
ban slavery from the territories
preserve the Union by compromise
enforce popular sovereignty
APUSH Unit 4 Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
C
E
E
A
C
D
C
A
B
B
E
A
E
A
E
B
C
B
C
E
E
D
E
C
E
B
B
E
E
A
C
C
C
A
D
E
D
E
A
D
B
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
A
D
A
D
E
A
C
C
E
E
B
A
C
B