Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Supplemental Digital Content 1. Computing mean change in CD4 cell count from other data available For studies that provided medians and interquartile range (or range) of change in CD4 cell count, we employed the median as the mean and then derived the standard deviations under the assumption of normal distribution. If the studies provided a p-value of the difference, we calculated the standard deviation for each arm under the T-distribution with an assumption of equal variances. Furthermore, for the studies that provided standard deviations of the baseline and follow-up mean CD4 cell counts, we computed the standard deviation of the mean change by assuming a correlation derived from a study with similar follow-up periods (R. Bosch, PhD, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, written communication, October 2008). Risk ratio x1i n RRi 1i x2i n2i Standard error of the risk ratio se(ln( RR )i ) 1 1 1 1 x1i n1i x2i n2i i = individual study ID x = number experiencing the outcome (1 = intervention, 2 = control) n = number in each arm (1 = intervention, 2 = control) Difference in mean change in CD4 cell count di m1i m2i m = mean change in CD4 cell count in each arm (1 = intervention, 2 = control) Standard error of difference in change in CD4 se(di ) SD12i SD22i n1i n2i n = number of observations in each arm (1 = intervention, 2 = control) SD = standard deviation for the mean change in CD4 cell count Estimating the mean and standard deviation of CD4 cell count (or change in CD4 cell count) given median values and interquartile range or range Mean change = median change SD = (interquartile range)/1.35 SD = range / 4 for 15<n≤531 Estimating the mean and standard deviation of change in CD4 cell count given baseline and follow-up mean and standard deviation values Mean change = mf - mb SD SDb2 SD 2f 2(cov bf ) cov bf bf var( mb ) var( m f ) b = baseline f = follow-up = correlation of CD4 cell count from baseline to a follow-up (R. Bosch, PhD, Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, written communication, October 2008). References 1. Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I. Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC medical research methodology. 2005;5(1):13.