Download Year 8 Health and physiology levels 3-5

Epsom and Ewell High School
Year 8 Health and physiology
levels 3-5
45 Minutes
Name ______________________
Date ______________________
Target level ____
Mark:
Level:
/ 50
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Page 1
Epsom and Ewell High School
Q1.
The drawing below shows the human rib cage.
(a)
The rib cage protects organs in the chest.
Give the names of two organs in the chest.
1. ................................................................
2. ................................................................
2 marks
(b)
The ribs are attached to the breast bone by cartilage which bends easily.
This lets the space in the chest get bigger.
Why is it important that the space can get bigger?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
The drawings below show parts of three different organ systems.
Draw a line from each organ system to its function.
Draw only three lines.
Page 2
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3 marks
maximum 6 marks
Q2.
This is Jamie having an X-ray of his arm.
Page 3
Epsom and Ewell High School
The drawing below shows the X-ray photograph.
(a)
Complete the sentence.
1 mark
The parts of Jamie’s arm which show up on the X-ray are made of
................................................................... .
(b)
What did the X-ray photograph show had happened to Jamie’s arm?
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
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Epsom and Ewell High School
(c)
Jamie drew the following diagram of parts of his arm.
(i)
On the diagram, draw a line from the letter J to a joint in the arm.
1 mark
(ii)
Why are joints needed in the arm?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(iii)
The parts which contract to move the arm do not show up on an X-ray.
What are these parts called? Tick the correct box.
blood vessels
glands
muscles
skin
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
Page 5
Epsom and Ewell High School
Q3.
In 2007, a new law came in to stop people smoking in public buildings.
(a)
Smoking can be very harmful.
Which three problems can be caused by smoking?
Tick the three correct boxes.
being out of
breath easily
lung cancer
being overweight
food poisoning
heart disease
2 marks
(b)
Some scientists investigate ‘passive smoking’. Passive smoking is when people
breathe in smoke from other people’s cigarettes.
They checked the health of three groups of people.
(i)
Which group of people breathe in the least cigarette smoke?
Tick the correct box.
group A
group B
group C
1 mark
(ii)
Which two groups will help scientists find out the effects of passive smoking?
Tick the two correct boxes.
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Epsom and Ewell High School
group A
group B
group C
1 mark
(c)
People in group B are likely to have similar health problems to people in group C.
Explain why.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(d)
Four scientists investigated passive smoking. The table below shows the number of
people each scientist studied from each group.
scientist
group A
group B
group C
David
289
3
18
Olga
8
6
11
Peter
402
399
403
Mary
15
210
511
Which scientist is likely to get the most reliable results?
Tick the correct box.
David
Olga
Peter
Mary
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q4.
(a)
Drinking alcohol can cause changes in the body.
Page 7
Epsom and Ewell High School
(i)
Draw a line from each change to the effect on the body.
Draw only three lines.
2 marks
(ii)
People who drink alcohol and then drive a car are likely to have accidents.
From the information above, which effect of drinking alcohol causes
accidents?
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
(i)
corrosive
What do the hazard warning symbols, A and B, on this tube of glue mean?
Choose from the box below and write your answers on the lines.
explosive
flammable
toxic
radioactive
2 marks
(ii)
The glue contains a solvent.
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Epsom and Ewell High School
Why is it dangerous to breathe in the fumes from the glue?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 8 marks
Q5.
The diagram below shows an organ system in the human body.
(a)
What is the name of the organ system shown in the diagram?
Tick the correct box.
circulatory system
digestive system
Page 9
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reproductive system
respiratory system
1 mark
(b)
What are the names of parts A and B?
part A ..................................................................…….
part B ..................................................................…….
2 marks
(c)
Parts C are bones which support the chest. Give the name of these bones.
1 mark
(d)
The photograph shows a man using a sanding machine on a piece of wood.
He is wearing a mask to stop him from breathing in the sawdust.
The mask has tiny holes in it.
(i)
When the man breathes in, the mask separates particles of sawdust from the
air.
What is this method of separation called?
............................................................................................................
1 mark
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Epsom and Ewell High School
(ii)
If the man breathed in the particles of sawdust, what might happen to him?
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks
Q6.
The diagram below shows the human skeleton
(a)
(i)
Draw a line from the letter J to one joint in the leg.
1 mark
(ii)
Why do we need joints in our skeleton?
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
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Epsom and Ewell High School
(b)
(i)
Which part of our skeleton, labelled in the diagram, moves so that we
can breathe?
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Which part of our skeleton, labelled in the diagram, moves so that we can
chew food?
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Which one of the following is needed in the diet for strong bones and teeth?
Tick the correct box.
1 mark
(d)
The diagram below shows part of the arm.
(i)
Parts A and B are attached to bones. What name is given to parts of the body
like parts A and B?
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Part A gets shorter. In which direction does the lower arm move?
Page 12
Epsom and Ewell High School
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 7 marks
Q7.
(a)
The animals drawn below all have backbones.
not to scale
(i)
What word describes animals with a backbone?
...........................................................
1 mark
(ii)
There are five groups of animals with a backbone. Only four groups are shown
above
Give the name of the missing group
...........................................................
1 mark
(b)
The drawing below shows the human backbone. It is made up of a number of small
bones.
Page 13
Epsom and Ewell High School
Why is it an advantage that the backbone is made up of small bones rather than
one long bone?
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
The drawing below shows two small bones from the backbone.
Between the small bones there is a material called cartilage.
Cartilage is softer than bone.
Give one advantage of having a softer material between the bones.
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
(d)
The diagram below shows the bones and two muscles of an arm.
Page 14
Epsom and Ewell High School
The biceps and triceps are muscles which raise and lower the forearm.
What happens to the biceps and triceps to raise the forearm?
the biceps ...........................................................
the triceps ...........................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q8.
Nancy is a dancer.
Page 15
Epsom and Ewell High School
(a)
When Nancy dances her arms and legs are moved by pairs of antagonistic muscles.
How do antagonistic muscle pairs work?
Tick the correct box.
Both muscles contract at the same time.
One muscle is big and the other is small.
As one muscle contracts, the other relaxes.
One muscle is strong and the other is weak.
Both muscles relax at the same time.
1 mark
(b)
As Nancy dances her breathing changes because she needs more oxygen.
The graph below shows how the volume of air in her lungs changes when she
dances.
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Epsom and Ewell High School
From the graph, give two ways her breathing changes when she dances.
1. ....................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. ....................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c)
Nancy’s muscle cells produce carbon dioxide as she dances.
Which of the following shows how the carbon dioxide is removed from Nancy’s
body?
Tick the correct box.
muscle cells
bloodstream
muscle cells
windpipe
muscle cells
bloodstream
muscle cells
windpipe
windpipe
lungs
lungs
nose
bloodstream
nose
windpipe
nose
lungs
nose
lungs
bloodstream
1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Page 17
Epsom and Ewell High School
Q9.
People who have emphysema have damaged air sacs in their lungs. The diagrams
show a section through a normal air sac and a section through a damaged air sac.
(a)
Gas exchange takes place at the inside surface of the air sac when a person
breathes.
(i)
Which two gases are exchanged at this surface of the air sac?
................................................ and ...................................................
1 mark
(ii)
The amount of gas exchanged is smaller in a damaged air sac.
Explain why.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
The list shows four substances present in cigarette smoke.
carbon particles
carbon monoxide
nicotine
tar
Choose from the list the substance which:
(i)
causes addiction to smoking cigarettes;
............................................................................................................
1 mark
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Epsom and Ewell High School
(ii)
may cause lung cancer;
............................................................................................................
1 mark
(iii)
is carried instead of oxygen in the red blood cells.
............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks
Page 19