Download Chapter 21 Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Chapter 21 Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds
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2.
Which of these hydrides is the most ionic?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4.
Which of these species is not an acidic oxide?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
6.
P4O10
P4O6
SO3
CO
SiO2
The term catenation describes the
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8.
LiH
NaH
CH4
NH3
RbH
tendency of carbon atoms to form cations in the presence of alkali metals.
process of creating synthetic gas from coal.
extraction of precious metals with sodium or potassium cyanide.
ability of carbon atoms to form long chains and rings.
interaction of Group 4A elements with Group 8A elements at high pressures and temperatures to
form coordination compounds.
The Ostwald process is the main method for the manufacture of nitric acid. In the first step in this process
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
nitrogen and hydrogen react to form NH3.
ammonia is burned in O2 to generate N2 and H2O.
nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO2.
nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO.
ammonia is burned with O2 to generate NO and H2O.
10. Phosphoric acid is the most important of the phosphorus oxoacids. Industrially, phosphoric acid is
prepared by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the Ostwald process.
the Haber process.
the reaction of phosphate rock with sulfuric acid.
the reaction of P4O10 with water.
the Frasch process.
12. When liquid phosphorus trichloride reacts with water, the products are
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
PCl5 and H3PO4.
H3PO3 and Cl2.
H3PO4 and HCl.
H3PO4 and Cl2.
H3PO3 and HCl.
14. The presence of ozone in the upper atmosphere is important because
A.
B.
C.
D.
O3 absorbs outgoing radiation from the earth's surface, thus helping to keep the earth warm.
O3 absorbs harmful solar radiation.
O3 dissolves in water droplets and is very reactive.
O3 is a major reactant in photosynthesis.
16. Which of these substances is the active ingredient in ordinary household bleach?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
HCl
Cl2
NaCl
NaClO
NaClO4
18. Chlorine gas is prepared commercially by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
electrolysis of carbon tetrachloride.
oxidation of chloride ion with F2(g).
electrolysis of NaCl(aq).
oxidation of chloride ion with Br2(aq).
electrolysis of AlCl3(aq).
20. Which one of these species exists as a diatomic element at room temperature?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Na
N
B
Ar
P
22. Which of these aqueous solutions has the highest pH?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0.100 M NaOH
0.100 M Na2O
0.100 M Na3N
All of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect.
These all are solutions of weak bases, so Kb values are needed in order to decide.
24. Hydrogen plays an important role in many industrial processes. Write a balanced chemical equation for its
production by the water gas reaction.
26. Write an equation for a laboratory preparation of nitrogen gas.
28. Write the chemical formula of the peroxide ion.
30. Write a balanced chemical equation to show the production of chlorine by the chlor-alkali process.
32. P4O6 and P4O10 are allotropes of phosphorus.
True False
34. The chemistry of fluorine differs in many ways from that of the rest of the halogens.
True False
Chapter 21 Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds Key
2.E
3.B
4.D
6.D
8.E
10.C
12.E
14.B
16.D
18.C
20.B
22.C
24.C(s) + H2O(g)  CO(g) + H2(g)
26.NH4NO2(s)  2H2O(g) + N2(g)
28.O2230.2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l)  2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) + Cl2(g)
32.FALSE
34.TRUE