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KEY DATES Unit 5: Civil War and Reconstruction Cotton Gin Slave trade ended Missouri Compromise The Founding Fathers did not abolish slavery, gave southern states representation for 3/5 of their slave population, and pledged not to end the slave trade for 20 years Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin which expanded the need for slavery Congress outlawed the importation of new slaves Congress prohibited slavery north of the 36*30’ line in the Louisiana Territory 1845-1849 James K. Polk Polk elected president on a platform of Manifest Destiny (54*40’ or Fight!) 1846-1848 1848-1849 1850 1852 1854 1856-1860 1857 1858 1859 Nov. 1860 Dec. 1860 Apr. 1861 Apr. 1861 1862 Sep. 1862 Jan. 1863 Jul. 1863 Jul. 1863 Mexican War Nov. 1863 Dec. 1863 1864 Nov. 1864 Apr. 9, 1865 Apr. 14, 1865 Dec. 1865 1867 1867 1868 Jul. 1868 Gettysburg Address 1869-1877 Ulysses S. Grant Grant was the first president to serve two full terms since Andrew Jackson Feb. 1870 1873 1875 1876-1877 Fifteenth Amendment Panic of 1873 Civil Rights Act (1875) Fifteenth Amendment granted suffrage to all men regardless of race, color, servitude Overspeculation and rapid industrial development led to financial panic Law promised to end discrimination, but was poorly enforced and struck down by Court Disputed election of 1876 was resolved giving presidency to Hayes with promise to remove remaining federal troops from the South, thus ending Reconstruction 1787 1793 1808 1820 Constitutional Convention Gold Rush Compromise of 1850 Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas-Nebraska Act “Bleeding Kansas” Dred Scott case Lincoln-Douglas Debates John Brown’s Raid Election of 1860 South Carolina seceded Fort Sumter Confederate States Homestead Act Battle of Antietam Emancipation Proclamation Draft Riots Vicksburg & Gettysburg Lincoln’s 10% Plan Sherman’s March Election of 1864 Appomattox Lincoln Assassination Thirteenth Amendment Military Reconstruction Tenure of Office Act Johnson Impeachment Trial Fourteenth Amendment “Compromise of 1877” US and Mexico clashed over Texas boundary dispute; Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo granted to US most of modern-day SW Gold was discovered and thousands of “Forty-Niners” moved to California Compromise passed which added CA as free state and stricter fugitive-slave law Harriet Beecher Stowe’s book inspired sympathy for slaves The KS-NE Act repealed the MO Compromise and reopened the slavery debate Pro- and anti-slavery forces fought in a battle for slavery in Kansas Court ruled that slaves were property and no restrictions could be placed on slavery Lincoln emerged as a national political force in his debates with Senator Douglas Brown’s radical abolitionist tactics and raid on a federal arsenal enraged the South Lincoln elected president in this four-way race Between Dec. 1860 and Feb. 1861 seven states seceded in response to Lincoln’s election South Carolina bombarded Fort Sumter sparking the Civil War Lincoln’s call for troops prompted four more states to secede between April and June Republican Congress passed series of economic measures, including Homestead Act Union forces held off the Confederates; as a result, Britain and France withheld recognition of the CSA and Lincoln issued his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln declared that all slaves in areas still in rebellion were now considered free Congress passed a conscription law that led urban poor to violently protest in NYC Union forces won big victories at Vicksburg (giving the Union control of the Mississippi River) and Gettysburg (repulsing the Confederates’ last major offensive attack) Lincoln delivered a cemetery dedication, redefining the war’s (and nation’s) purpose to include achieving the principles of equality in the Declaration of Independence Lincoln offered his lenient plan for Confederate amnesty and reconstruction Sherman sacked Atlanta (Aug.) and cut a devastating path of destruction to the sea Lincoln re-elected president, defeating former Union general George McClellan Lee surrendered his army to Grant at Appomattox, VA, essentially ending the war CSA sympathizer John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery Acts placed the South under military control, despite Johnson’s veto of the measure Radicals passed this law to protect Republicans officeholders from removal by Johnson Johnson impeached for violating Tenure of Office Act; Senate acquitted him by 1 vote Fourteenth Amendment granted citizenship to former slaves, guaranteed equal protection of the laws, and imposed punishments on ex-Confederates