Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
return of CHINA Ch 12 dynasty song Dynasty Review Dynasty outline Sui - return to strong dynasty control, central power start 581-618 of grand canal Tang - expanded size of empire, promoted examination system, cultural advancements control of Silk Road 618-907 Song - continued cultural advancements, but never the power over region (nomads) like Tang cultural height, 960-1279 landscape paintings after Han six dynasties period (simple summary) fall of Han (220) - Sui (581) CE active period of Buddhist expansion importance of Southern China Sui - overview (big idea) return to dynastic control established order and stability after centuries of fighting overly ambitious (Yangdi) - too much, too fast Sui Rise - Wendi married daughter in law to ZHOU, then took power by himself, conquered Southern China friendship with nomads (gave land, avoid scholar rule) moved capital North Xi’an (Cheng’en) lower taxes and built granaries (excess supply in case of drought, floods…kept prices low) Sui fall - Yangdi murdered father to become emperor re-established examination system for government too many gov projects - animal park, canal, palaces unable to conquer foreign lands (defeated in Korea, lost to Turks in Central Asia) assassinated by his own ministers Sui - Grand Canal Tang overview (big idea) bigger empire than Han (close to present day China) re-established bureaucracy, stable government and economics control of silk road, increased international trade height of post-classical China (Song will continue…) Tang - restoration of empire Li Yaun - military official for Yangdi, victor after chaos conquered central Asia, rebuilt wall and frontier army used Turk nomads as defense, clever alliances expanded - Tibet, Vietnam, Manchuria, Korea (Silla) Sui-Tang capital - Chang’an (Xi’an) Tang - expansion of Buddhism common people - Mahayana Buddhism, refuge from chaos, often adopted among nomadic groups (preSui) upper class - Chen or Zen Buddhism (educated) state support - empress WU (Tang) sent emissaries to India for paintings, more written text Backlash in 840s - temples not paying taxes, wealthy donated to temples, not $ to economy - ended Buddhism’s influence, never will return to this significance again Tang - examination system academies to train officials in Confucian moral behavior jinshi = won status with clothing and material reward Five Studies - military strategy, civil law, taxation, geography / agriculture and Confucian classics birth and family status was still important examination system Tang decline, rise of Song Tang peak in 700’s, height of culture and size assault on Buddhism showed cracks in system regional leaders - own taxes, own military Xuangzong’s (713 - 756) romance with Yang Guifei, sponsored arts, but displayed excess of court pleasures Song empire - overview smaller geographic space, had to pay off nomads revival of Confucian thinking, values golden age of prosperity - economy, inventions and arts Song dynasty Song dynasty after period of instability in 900s emperor Taizu - moved empire further South maintained economic and cultural strength never handled nomadic problems - paid humiliating tributes to Khitan (Manchuria), Xi Xia (Tibet), Jurchin (Jin) height of civil service exam, expanded bureaucracy great capitals Kaifeng - video Th night Northern Song Hangzhou - textbook Southern Song Marco Polo cultural center of the world Song empire military valued less than scholar-gentry class military rotated regions (avoid becoming too powerful) neo-Confucians - apply to daily life, reject Buddhism seeds of decline in payment to northern rivals Tang and Song prosperity Grand canal - connected North to South population explosion, movement South for production further South re-established control of Silk Roads in Central Asia best ships in the world - junks, use of compass, gunpowder paper and “flying” money food production champa rice from Vietnam (drought resistant, early harvest) wheat, pearl millet in North wheelbarrow use government: canals, irrigation, embankments gov broke up largest farms, Confucian value of labor family structure Confucian order: role of father, obedience of children some upper class women initially gained rights footbinding: ultimate symbol of gender role men: pre-marital sex, concubines, marriage after death of wife foot binding today?