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Name:________________________________________ Period: ________ States & Phases of Matter Study Guide States of Matter They are the physical forms in which a substance can exist. The three most familiar states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Solid Volume: definite Molecules: packed tight Shape: definite Movement: slow, vibrate in place Liquid Volume: definite Molecules: packed little loose Shape: not definite, takes shape of container Movement: a little Gas Shape: not definite, takes shape of container Movement: very fast Volume: not definite Molecules: packed very loose A solid’s internal structure’s particles are usually arranged in a repeating pattern called ______________________ (examples: salt or snowflakes) Some solids are called ________________________ or “slow-moving liquid” because they have no definite shape. (example: candle wax or glass) ______________________ is the resistance of a liquid to flow. The _________________ the viscosity the “more slowly” it moves. _______________________________ is a force that acts on the particles at the surface of the liquid. It causes spherical drops of beads. Phase Changes Phase change is when one state of matter changes to another. __________________________ energy is what causes the change to occur. Heat is either added or removed. The _____________ heat energy the faster and further apart the molecules move. The __________________ heat energy the less movement and closer the molecules move. When heat is added or absorbed it is called __________________________ (it gains energy). Solid to liquid to gas. (SLG) When heat is lost or removed it is called _________________________ (it loses energy). Gas to liquid to solid. (GLS) Solid to Liquid – melting Liquid to Gas – evaporation Solid to Gas – sublimation (dry ice) Gains heat Gas to Liquid – condensation Liquid to Solid – freezing Gas to Solid – deposition (frost) Loses heat