Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
CANCER – Cell Division Gone Wrong • • • • • • cells that grow and divide out of control results in a change in DNA that controls the cell cycle. prevents the cell from staying in interphase for the normal period of time. the cell and its daughter cells will divide uncontrollably. ..\Cancerous Cell Division.mht YouTube - How cancer develops Tumours • Uncontrolled growth may create a rapidly growing mass of cells that form a lump, or tumour. • Tumours may be benign or malignant. Cells in a malignant tumour are considered cancerous. • Cancer cells may break away from the original tumour and move to a different part of the body. • If they settle and grow in this new location, a new tumour will form. • This is called metastasis. Mutations • random changes that can occur in the cell’s DNA. • can result in the death of the cell or allow it to survive and continue to grow and divide. • If the cell cycle is abnormal, the cells may be cancerous. CARCINOGENS • environmental factors that cause cancer. • Ex: tobacco smoke, radiation, some viruses, certain chemicals, organic solvents… • Some cancers are at least partly hereditary. These include some breast cancers and colon cancers. • The Story of Cosmetics • http://www.cbc.ca/marketplace/2011/lousylabels/ Cancer Risk Factors • Factors affecting a person’s risk of getting cancer include: – personal and family medical history – exposure to carcinogens in the environment – lifestyle choices, such as eating more “super foods” – exercise Super foods such as these help your body protect itself from cancers Cancer Screening • checking for cancer even when no symptoms are present. – by a doctor, such as a Pap test or blood test – genetic testing, when there is a family history of cancer – at home, breast & testicle self examination • screening does not prevent cancer, but increases the likelihood of early detection and successful treatment. DIAGNOSIS • earlier the diagnosis the better chance of treatment Vocabulary • diagnostic imaging techniques include endoscopy, Pap test X-ray, ultrasound, CT scanning, and MRI. • a sample of the cells is removed and examined under a microscope. This is called a biopsy. Treatment • to slow down the growth of tumours or destroy as many cancer cells as possible. • Currently, there are three methods of conventional treatment: – surgery – chemotherapy – radiation therapy • One new technique to fight cancer is biophotonics, which uses beams of light to detect and treat the cancer cells.