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Industrial Revolution Questions
Red World History Textbook
Pages 608-611
1. What new farming methods helped increase agricultural production?
Began with the Dutch who began to reclaim land from the sea, combine fields to make larger ones, and used livestock to create fertilizer, experiments with soil,
crop rotation, grow turnips to restore soil, seed drill invented to plant in rows
2.
What is the enclosure movement and how did it help to the Industrial Revolution?
Landowners began to take over and consolidate lands that were farmed by the peasants to create pastures for sheep—many people lost work and others were
forced off their land. Jobless peasants flocked to the cities to become the needed labor force
3.
What led to population growth?
Agricultural revolution reduced risk of famine as it created more food, people ate better and were thus healthier, better hygiene and sanitation, improved
medical care
4.
Explain the new technologies that helped improve transportation and energy?
Invention of the steam engine, coal was a good source of energy to produce iron—created less expensive and better quality coal—iron become more widely
used
Pages 612-615
5. Fully explain the characteristics and conditions in Britain that helped lead to the Industrial Revolution.
Plentiful natural resources and natural ports and navigable rives, rivers supplied water power, canals were built to provide trade and able to bring goods to
market, establish communication, , plentiful supply of coal, vast supplies of iron, had a lot of skilled mechanics, ready workforce, had capital to invest,
government to support economic growth
6.
What advances were made in the textile industry and how did this lead to factories?
Putting-out system was replaced (cotton created in homes as raw cotton was distributed and then spun and woven
New inventions: spinning jenny, water frame, cotton gin
New factories brought everything together under one roof
7.
What does the “Transportation Revolution” refer to and why is the development of railroads important to industrialization?
Initially turnpikes (paid roads owned by private investors) helped link Britain
Canals were built to link waterways—over builts, replaced by railroads
Invention of steam locomotive made growth of railroads possible—boomed in 1830’s and by 1870 all over Britain
Pages 616-620
8. What is urbanization and why did it occur?
Urbanization is the movement of people to cities. –changes in farming, growing population, increasing demand for workers—cities spring up around coal and
iron mines
9.
Explain the social changes that the Industrial Revolution brought about.
Industrial revolution created a middle class—some are merchants, some inventors or artisans—while this class grows, the industrial working class struggled to
live in poor housing and conditions—no sewers, no running water, no sanitation, overcrowded, threat of fire, contaminated wells and water sources (dumped in
rivers)—disease spread
10. How did the working class react to their new experiences in industrial cities?
Secret unions exists, but unions were illegal, some people staged riots, some smashed machines
Many turned to religion—Methodists gained support after founding by John Wesley
11. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the lives of men, women, and children?
Terrible, harsh conditions—long shifts (12 to 16 hours a day) 6-7 days w week, dangerous—could lose life or limbs, many workers were women, miners were in
great danger and cart and carry in the dark
Child labor—smaller workers more able to fix small parts, dust is a great threat
Everyone in the family must work to support family—if hurt, no more money
12. What are the positive and negative effects of the Industrial Revolution?
Reformers work to fix conditions—child labor laws, labor unions help conditions and hours
New factories, more jobs, wages would rise, railroads allowed families to visit
Industrial Revolution Questions
Red World History Textbook
Pages 608-611
1. What new farming methods helped increase agricultural production?
2. What is the enclosure movement and how did it help to the Industrial Revolution?
3. What led to population growth?
4. Explain the new technologies that helped improve transportation and energy?
Pages 612-615
5. Fully explain the characteristics and conditions in Britain that helped lead to the
Industrial Revolution.
6. What advances were made in the textile industry and how did this lead to factories?
7. What does the “Transportation Revolution” refer to and why is the development of
railroads important to industrialization?
Pages 616-620
8. What is urbanization and why did it occur?
9. Explain the social changes that the Industrial Revolution brought about.
10. How did the working class react to their new experiences in industrial cities?
11. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the lives of men, women, and children?
12. What are the positive and negative effects of the Industrial Revolution?