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Imperialism
Key Terms
Imperialism
Insular Cases
insurrectos
Isolationism
Platt Amendment
Annexation
Roosevelt Corollary
Teller Amendment
Expansionists
Open Door Notes
Anti-Imperialist League
Coaling stations
Spheres of influence
Foraker Act
Reciprocity
Boxer Rebellion
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
Monroe Doctrine
the Gentleman’s Agreement
Root-Takahira agreement
“Guerrilla” warfare
Big Stick Policy
reconcentration camps
Interventionist
Great Rapproahement
Battle of San Juan Hill
Rough Riders
McKinley Tarriff
Buffer Zone
Yellow journalism
Social Darwinism
Dollar Diplomacy
Battleship Maine
Moral Diplomacy
Free-Response Essay Questions
For what reasons did America pursue imperialistic policies in the last decade of the 19th century? Why not
before?
To what extent could Cubans, Filipinos, and Hawaiians find fault with America’s foreign policy?
Why was the handling of the Philippines different from any other territory acquired by the United States?
What was the logic behind America’s Open Door Policy?
United States foreign policy between 1815 and 1910 was determined less by economic than strategic,
moral, or political interests. Assess the validity of this generalization with reference to at least TWO major
episodes (for example: treaties, war, proclamations, annexations, etc.) in the foreign policy of the United
States between 1815 and 1910.
How and why did the Monroe Doctrine become the cornerstone of United States foreign policy by the late
nineteenth century?
Both the Mexican War and Spanish American War were premeditated resulting from deliberately
calculated schemes of robbery on the part of a superior power against weak and defenseless neighbors.
Compare the debates that took place over American expansionism in the 1840’s with those that took place
in the 1890’s, analyzing the similarities and differences in the debates of the two eras.
Multiple Choice
When President Taft called for “Dollar Diplomacy”, he advocated?:
a.
That American government money be loaned to underdeveloped countries.
b.
Purchasing foreign-owned territories.
c.
The rejection of the Open Door Policy.
d.
Encouraging foreign exports by reducing tariffs.
e.
That American businessmen should invest in underdeveloped countries rather than lend those
countries U.S. dollars. --Answer
During the first quarter of the 20c, a major concern that influenced our foreign policy was?:
a.
Preventing the outbreak of war in Europe.
b.
Defending the approaches to the Panama Canal. --Answer
c.
Creating international machinery to arbitrate disputes.
d.
Meeting the challenge of Japanese imperialism.
e.
Gaining international acceptance of the neutral concept of freedom of the seas.
The price which society pays for the law of competition...is great;
but the advantages of this law are also greater....[W]hether the law
be benign or not, we must say of it: It is here; we cannot evade it;...
it is best for the race, because it ensures the survival of the fittest
in every department.
The above passage is characteristic of?:
a.
Calvinism
b.
Progressivism
c.
Cultural pluralism
d.
Egalitarianism
e.
Social Darwinism –Answer
During the presidency of William H. Taft, United States policy in Latin America was driven primarily by
a.
The administration’s desire to benefit from European colonial inroads in the region.
b.
The President’s goal of founding an effective Pan-American organization to deal with
hemispheric issues.
c.
Congress’ determination to ameliorate the hostility engendered by Theodore Roosevelt’s Big
Stick policy.
d.
Concern for the development of democracy and the protection of civil rights in the region.
e.
Concern for United States economic and strategic interests in the region. --Answer
Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the SpanishAmerican War?
a.
Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain.
b.
Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims.
c.
Acquisition of the Philippine Islands. --Answer
d.
Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control.
e.
Increases in the size of the army and navy.
President Monroe articulated the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to
a.
Respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutions.
b.
Rule out United Sates involvement in South America.
c.
Provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of Panama.
d.
Warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere. -Answer
e.
Encourage Britain to help the fledgling Latin American states.
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine expanded America’s role in
a.
Central America and the Caribbean. --Answer
b.
The Philippines.
c.
North Africa.
d.
Asia.
e.
Europe
“We have pacified some thousands of the islanders and buried them; destroyed their fields; burned their
villages, and turned their widows and orphans out-of-door; subjugate the remaining ten millions by
Benevolent assimilation ….And so, by these Providences of God—and the phrase is the government’s, not
mine—we are a World Power.”
The statement above was most probably made in reference to United States policy in the
a.
Opening of Japan.
b.
Annexation of the Hawaiian Islands.
c.
Occupation of the Philippines. --Answer
d.
Acquisition of Puerto Rico and Cuba.
e.
Confrontation with the Soviet Union over Cuba.
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?
a.
Reaffirmed George Washington’s goal of United States neutrality in the Americas.
b.
Helped Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secure the presidency in 1824.
c.
Established the United States as the dominant economic power in South America.
d.
Provided the basis for resolving Anglo-American border disputes.
e.
Asserted American independence in the realm of foreign policy. –Answer
Which of the following led immediately and directly to Theodore Roosevelt’s issuance of the Roosevelt
Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
a.
Pancho Villa’s armed raids into Texas and New Mexico.
b.
General Augusto Sandino’s insurrection against American troops occupying Nicaragua.
c.
The arrest of an unarmed party of American sailors in Tampico, Mexico.
d.
American concern that a Japanese syndicate would attempt to purchase land near the Panama
Canal.
e.
American fear that financial instability in the Dominican Republic would lead to European
intervention. –Answer
As a result of the Spanish-American War, Spain relinquished to the United States control of Puerto Rico,
Cuba, and which of the following?
a.
Alaska
b.
Hawaii
c.
The Panama Canal Zone
d.
Bermuda
e.
The Philippine—Answer
Which of the following statements about the Monroe Doctrine is accurate?
a.
It was announced by the President over the serious objections of Secretary of State John
Quincy Adams.
b.
It was issued simultaneously with a British policy statement on Latin America.
c.
It stressed that Europe and the Western Hemisphere had essentially different political
systems.--Answer
d.
It was immediately accepted as international law.
e.
It was promptly challenged militarily by the “Concert of Europe”.
An important reason for the proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine was to
a.
End the United States alliance with France.
b.
Displace England as the chief creditor of the Latin-American countries.
c.
Counter British objections that would arise in any future United States effort to annex the
West Indies or Canada.
d.
Protect republican institutions of government in the Western Hemisphere.--Answer
e.
Prevent French interference in the internal affairs of Mexico.
Political Cartoons
Republicanism Down to Date
http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/mmh/uscartoons/Verdict/HT/25Sept1899.cfm
School Begins
http://library.kcc.hawaii.edu/~soma/cartoons/school.html
Shotgun Wedding
http://library.kcc.hawaii.edu/~soma/cartoons/wedding.html
The Birth of the American Empire as Seen Through Political Cartoons (1896-1905)
http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/1898/martinez-lesson.pdf
Outside Readings
The Spanish-American War
http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/remember.html
Expansion in the Pacific
http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/hawaii.html
Yellow Journalism
http://www.humboldt.edu/~jcb10/yellow.html