Download 01 - mrlongscience

Skills Worksheet
Chapter Review Answer Key
1. Air pressure is the measure of the force with which air molecules are
pushing on a surface. Wind is the movement of air caused by differences in
air pressure.
2. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. The
thermosphere is the uppermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere.
3. The greenhouse effect is the Earth’s natural heating process, by which
gases in the atmosphere absorb and reradiate thermal energy. Global
warming is a rise in average global temperature, possibly caused by
increased greenhouse gases.
4. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation of a liquid or
gas. Thermal conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through a material
by physical contact.
5. A global wind blows over long distances in one direction. A local wind
generally flows short distances and can blow from any direction.
6. The stratosphere is the atmospheric layer above the troposphere, where
temperature rises with altitude. The mesosphere is between the stratosphere
and thermosphere, where temperature decreases with increasing altitude.
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. C
11. A
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. B
16. D
17. Air rises as it is heated because it becomes less dense.
18. The temperature differences in the atmosphere result mainly from the way
solar energy is absorbed. Some layers are warmer because they contain
gases that absorb solar energy.
19. Secondary pollutants form when primary pollutants react with other
primary pollutants or with other naturally occurring substances. Acid rain and
smog are two examples of secondary pollutants.
20. Global warming is a gradual rise in Earth’s average temperature. It is
possibly caused by an increase in the greenhouse effect.
21. This larger amount of carbon dioxide in Venus’s atmosphere causes the
greenhouse effect to be more extreme on Venus than on Earth.
22. 73.2
71.1
54.6
506.6/7= 72.3714… rounded to 72.4°F
65.5
78.2
81.9
+ 82.1
506.6
23. 300 mi/h x 8 h= 2,400 mi to destination
300 mi/h
+125 mi/h
425 mi/h with jet stream
425 mi/h
x 3 h
1,275 mi
2,400 mi
-1,275 mi
1,125 mi
1,125 mi / 300 mi/h= 3.75 h
3.75 h+3 h= 6.75 h
24. The prevailing winds would be blowing east.
25. The boat would be traveling northeast.
Also Need to be Able to
 Identify the layers of the atmosphere in order from bottom to top, as
well as phenomena found in them
 Draw and Explain Local Winds
 Draw and explain air density at the bottom and top of a mountain