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Body Structures & Functions Endocrine System Chapter 11 Diseases & Disorders Endocrine System Disorders A number of _______________ can cause problems Disease of the gland ________________ causes Infections Dietary deficiencies Signs and symptoms usually due to hyper- or _________________ of the glands Disorders – Pituitary Hyperfunction Gigantism Acromegaly is caused by over ____________ of somatotropin in __________ and causes enlarged bones in the hands, feet and face. Hypofunction Dwarfism Bran Scan is used to dx a _____________ tumor -short, short ____________, normal mental dev Diabetes insipidus Disorders – Thyroid Diagnostic ________-lab, scans Goiters-_____________ thyroid gland Hyperthyroidism (________________) Produces too much thyrotropin and ____________ overactive thyroid gland Hypothyroidism (underactive) ______________ occurs in countries that do not have iodized salt Myxedema Cretinism Disorders – Parathyroid Hyperparathyroidism _______________ blood calcium Body Structures & Functions Endocrine System Chapter 11 Diseases & Disorders Hypoparathyroidism _______________ blood calcium Tetany (A condition that is due usually to low blood calcium (hypocalcemia) and is characterized by spasms of the ____________ and feet, cramps, _________ of the voice) Disorders – Adrenal Cortex Hyperfunction Cushing’s syndrome-____________ of the Adrenal Gland body is exposed to __________ levels of the hormone cortisol for a long time a fatty hump between your shoulders, a ____________ face, and pink or purple stretch marks on your skin. Cushing __________ can also result in high blood pressure, bone loss and, on occasion, diabetes. Treatment depends on the ___________ reason for cortisol excess and may include surgery, ______________, chemotherapy Hypofunction Addison’s disease Addison's _____________ is an endocrine or hormonal disorder characterized by weight loss, muscle ____________, fatigue, low blood pressure, and sometimes darkening of the skin. Addison's is diagnosed with ______________ tests and/or a CT scan Treatment of Addison's _____________ involves replacing, or substituting, the hormones the adrenal glands are not making Steroid Abuse in Sports Androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) are _____________ derivatives of the male hormone testosterone. They can exert strong effects on the human body that may be beneficial for athletic performance. FYI… A teenage _____________ who wants to grow bigger and taller might be foolish enough to take ___________________ (a pituitary hormone) Medically, androgens and _________________ steroids are used to treat: delayed puberty in adolescent boys Body Structures & Functions Endocrine System Chapter 11 Diseases & Disorders hypogonadism and ________________ in men breast ______________ in women anemia osteoporosis weight loss _______________ in HIV endometriosis other conditions ___________ hormonal imbalance Risks of taking AAS for Males/Females In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce ________________ count. Cause you not to be _______________ to father ____________. Enlarge the _________________. In women, anabolic steroids can: ____________________ body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Deepen the voice. In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood _________________, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly ____________________. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that ____________ become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, _______________, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and addiction Diabetes Mellitus Body Structures & Functions Endocrine System Chapter 11 Diseases & Disorders __________________ disorder Decreased secretion of insulin from the islets of Langerhans cells or by the ineffective use of insulin Type I Diabetes Type II Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus Signs and symptoms- please write on separate paper! Pathophysiology is a chronic, lifelong ______________ that affects your body's ability to use the energy found in food. Hypo- and hyperglycemia Diagnostic tests HbA1c _______________ hemoglobin test Finger stick GTT glucose tolerance test Treatments Monitor, diet, oral hypoglycemic meds
