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200 Bio: Unit 16--Gas Exchange & Excretion Ch. 13: Respiration & Excretion Essential Questions: How and why is gas exchange important in maintaining homeostasis? How and why is excretion of metabolic waste important in maintaining homeostasis? What are the structures of the human gas exchange system and their functions? What are the structures of the human excretory system and their functions? You should be able to: Discuss the role of gas exchange in plants and its necessity in maintaining homeostasis. Discuss the role of the respiratory system in animals and its necessity in maintaining homeostasis. Explore the necessity for having adaptations for maintaining osmotic balance in organisms. Describe the process of maintaining osmotic balance and excretion in simple freshwater organisms. Describe the function of excretion & the maintenance of osmotic equilibrium in those animals possessing a circulatory system. Understand the function of the human excretory system and its necessity for maintaining homeostasis. Compare the functioning of the respiratory systems of the animal kingdom including annelids, bony fish, mammals & humans. VOCABULARY air pressure alveolus (alveoli) ammonia Bowman’s capsule (glomerular capsule) bronchiole bronchus (bronchi) carbon dioxide contractile vacuole diaphragm diffusion excretion filtration flame cells hemoglobin gill glomerulus kidney larynx lenticle lung Malpighian tubules nephridia nephron nitrogenous waste operculum osmotic balance oxygen pharynx reabsorption renal artery renal vein respiration root hairs secretion spiracles stomata trachea tracheole urea ureter urethra uric acid urinary bladder urine Book Work Ch 13: Respiration and Excretion Section 13.1 (The Role of Respiration) o Read pgs. 264-265 o answer # 1, 2, 3 (pg. 265) Section 13.2 (Human Respiratory System) o Read pgs. 267-271 o answer # 6, 7, 8, 10 (pg. 271) Section 13.3 (Problems of the Respiratory System) o Read pgs. 272-273 Section 13.4 (The Role of Excretion) o Read pgs. 274-280 o answer # 16, 17, 18, 19 (pg. 280) Chapter review questions (pgs. 282-283) o Testing Yourself: Using Words—ans. # 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 o Testing Yourself: Finding Main Ideas —ans. # 10, 11, 12, 13, 16 o Testing Yourself: Using Main Ideas —ans. # 17, 19 You can also find more information (about many of the organisms we used as examples) in the following chapters & sections: Ch. 4.2 Moneran Kingdom Ch. 5.1 Protist Kingdom & 5.2 Fungus Kingdom Ch. 6 Plants--6.2 Nonvascular Plants & 6.3 Vascular Plants Ch. 7 Simple Animals--7.2 Sponges & Stinging Cell Animals & 7.3 Worms Ch. 8 Complex Animals--8.1 Complex Invertebrates & 8.2 Vertebrates