Download 教案编写基本格式与要求

Teaching Plan of International Edcation
School of KMU
Teaching Department: the department of pharmacology
Class time： 2013.8.27-2013.9.3
subject
pharmacology
grade
2011
major
clinical
professionals
Class
6
hour
Name
of Wang Lei professional Lectur Lecture
or Lecture
teacher
title
e
experiment
topic（ chapter）
Chapter 2 pharmacokinetics
teaching material（book Textbook of pharmacology, Zhou Honghao, Kexue chubanshe, 2006.3,
title ， chief editor ， 1st
publishing house ，
publishing time，edition）
Teaching aims & requirements：
(1). To grasp: ①Passive Diffusion; weak Electrolytes and Influence of pH; ion trapping;
② Absorption; first-pass elimination; enterohepatic cycling; ③ First-order kinetics; the
steady-state principle; ④Elimination half-life; bioavailability.
(2). Be familiar with: ① Carrier-mediated membrane transport; ② Distribution;
redistribution; plasma protein binding; blood-brain-barrier; placental transfer of drugs;
metabolism; enzyme induction and inhibition; drug excretion; renal drug excretion; biliary
excretion; ③ Zero-Order Kinetics; ④ Apparent volume of distribution; loading dose;
clearance.
(3). Understand: Routes of Administration
Key teaching points & difficult points：
Key teaching: basic principle in pharmacokinetics
Difficult points: Passive Diffusion; weak Electrolytes and Influence of pH; First -order
kinetics; plasma protein binding
Teaching methods：
1) Lecture. Various teaching methods are furnished in pharmacology lectures. Multimedia
courseware in aid of blackboard is the common way of teaching. Animations are also used to
illustrate the mechanism of drugs, making the abstracts lively and easy to understand.
2) “Case based learning” (CBL) mode. Using a case-based approach engages students in discussion
of specific scenarios that resemble or typically are real-world examples. This method is
learner-centered with intense interaction between participants as they build their knowledge and
work together as a group to examine the case. The instructor's role is that of a facilitator while the
students collaboratively analyze and address problems and resolve questions that have no single
right answer. With case-based teaching, students develop skills in analytical thinking and reflective
judgment by reading and discussing complex, real-life scenarios.
Design of PPT and blackboard-writing：
1
Contents
supplementary means
and time allotment
1. Definition of pharmacokinetics.
2min
2. The process of the drug in the body: absorption, distribution, 4min
metabolism and excretion.
3. Transmembrane transport of drugs
20min
Passive Diffusion
Filtration
Carrier-Mediated Membrane Transport
4. Absorption
Drug absorption refers to the passage of drug molecules from the site of
administration into the circulation.
The absorption of a drug is influenced by the physical and chemical properties of
the drug itself (lipid solubility, drug ionization, size of the drug, and dosage form of
the drug) and by the physiologic and anatomical factors at the site of absorption (the
routes of administration, surface area of contact)
Route of administration
5. Distribution
The process of translocating drugs from the bloodstream into the tissues
Factors Affecting Distribution: Organ Blood Flow; Redistribution; Plasma Protein
Binding; Ion trapping; Tissue Binding; Blood-Brain-Barrier" (BBB); Placental
Transfer of Drugs
6. Metabolism
Role of Drug Biotransformation
Phases of Drug Biotransformation
Enzyme Induction and Inhibition
7. Drug Excretion
Excretion is the removal of drug from body fluids
Glomerular Filtration
Passive Tubular Reabsorption
Active tubular secretion
Biliary Excretion and Enterohepatic Cycling
Other Routes of Excretion
8. Quantitative Pharmacokinetics
One-compartment model
Two-compartment model
Drug Plasma Concentration Curves
Bioavailability
Volume of Distribution
Drug Clearance
40min
30min
30min
30min
40min
2
9. Single Dose Pharmacokinetics
First-Order Kinetics
Zero-order Kinetics
Elimination Half-Life
10. Continous Dose and Multiple Dose Kinetics
Drug Accumulation and the Steady-State Principle
Maintenance Dose
Loading Dose
30min
20min
Note: The contents of the teaching plan mainly includes the specific teaching content, time arrangement, the use of
teaching aids, important professional vocabulary, complement of teaching content, etc.
3
Summary
Assignments
Pharmacology is the study of interactions between drugs and the body. Drug interactions
have two sides: the pharmacodynamics and the pharmacokinetics. The clinical outcome is the
synthesis of the two aspects.
Pharmacokinetics is the study of the movement of drugs into, within, and out of the body,
and factors affecting this.
When a drug enters the body, the body begins immediately to work on the drug: absorption,
distribution, and elimination. Absorption (abbreviate A) refers to the movement of a drug
from its site of administration into the blood. Distribution (abbreviate D) refers to the process
of a drug leaving the bloodstream and going into the organs and tissues (drug movement from
the blood to the interstitial space of tissues and from there into cells). Elimination is the
combination of metabolism and excretion. This means that drugs are eliminated from the
body by two different processes. Biotransformation (we say metabolism) (abbreviate M) is
enzymatically mediated alteration of drug structure, primarily in the liver. Excretion
(abbreviate E) is the movement of drugs and their metabolites out of the body primarily by
the kidneys.
Pharmacokinetic principles covering these processes determine the drug concentration at
their sites of action.
1. Describe the process of a drug in the body.
2. Describe the route of the administration.
3. Compare the First-Order Kinetics and Zero-order Kinetics
The introduction of pharmacology
Preview
Implementation
and analysis
Comments of
Department
Head of Department:
Date:
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