Download Inospheric Physics refresher

Inospheric Physics refresher, part I
1. The outer part of the solar atmosphere is called ________________________
and it forms___________________________________.
2. The Sun acts like a black body radiator at the temperature of _____________.
The dayside ionospheric ionisation is mainly caused by __________________
radiation in the wavelength areas of _____________________________. The
____________ and ______________________ parts of the solar electro–
magnetic spectrum depend strongly on the activity of the Sun.
3. Write the continuity equation:
4. Write the convective derivative:
5. Write the momentum equation for neutral gas with as many force densities as
you can think of:
6. Diffusion is _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ .
Diffusion coefficient is given by:
7. Write the equation for pressure and density profile of gas in a stationary state
and with constant temperature:
scale height is given by:
8. The part of the atmosphere where also ionosphere is located is called
_____________________________. Below it, ________________________
is located and the coldest place in the atmosphere is at __________________
9. The ionospheric regions from down to up are: _________________________.
During night time, the following layers almost disappear:
______________________.
10. Which new force densities appear in the momentum equations for ions and
electrons as compared to the neutrals:
11. Write equations for ion and electron velocities:
where ki is ___________________________________ and
ke is ___________________________________ .
12. In the F region, both ions and electrons move with a velocity of
13. How ambipolar diffusion differs from diffusion in a neutral gas?
14. Diffusion electric field forces _______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ .
15. Ambipolar diffusion coefficient:
16. Concept of optical depth is related to the process of ____________________
in the atmosphere. Give the equation and explain on which parameters it
depends on:
17. Ionozation rate q describes________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________ .
18. Chapman production function depends on ____________________________
_____________________________________________________________ .
19. When solar radiation is absorbed in the atmosphere, it produces prcesses of
____________________________________________________________ .
Typically, the threshold energy for ______________________________ of
molecules is _________________ than for ionisation and the threshold
wavelength is __________________________.
20. The average energy for an ion-electron pair production in the atmosphere is
______ eV.
21. Photochemical equilibrium is given by equation:
22. Alpha-type loss process is given by equation:
and beta-type loss process by:
23. Electron densities in alpha- and beta-type regions are given by:
24. The dominant ion in the F reqion is __________ and the dominat ions in the E
region are _____________________ . The difference of D region to E and F is
that ions there (especially at the lower part) may be ____________________
or ________________________________ .