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U. S. History Review Sheet GOAL 1: The New Nation (1789-1820) The learner will identify, investigate, and assess the effectiveness of the emerging republic. 1.01: Identify the major domestic issues and conflicts experienced by the nation during the Federalist Period. Establishment of federal power and supremacy over the states Judiciary Act of 1789 Hamilton’s Economic Plan (1. funding – bonds, state debts; 2. national bank; 3. protective tariff; 4. excise taxes) Whiskey Rebellion Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Hartford Convention (1814) Development of the first two-party system Federalist Party Democratic-Republican Party Election of 1796: John Adams (1797-1801) Election of 1800: Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809) Laissez-faire Alien and Sedition Acts Strict and loose interpretation of the Constitution Bill of Rights Marbury v. Madison (1803) Chief Justice John Marshall Louisiana Purchase – Lewis and Clark 1.02: Analyze the political freedoms available to the following groups prior to 1820: women, wage earners, landless farmers, American Indians, African Americans, and other ethnic groups. Conflicts with American Indians Tecumseh and the Indian Problem Treaty of Greenvillle (1796) The status of slavery during the Federalist Era Eli Whitney -- Cotton gin “Necessary evil” Emancipation The place of women in the society during the period The disparities between classes in the new nation 1.03: Assess commercial and diplomatic relationships with Britain, France, and other nations. Early Foreign Policy President Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality (French Revolution) Jay’s Treaty (1794) – with Britain Pinckney’s Treaty (1795) – with Spain President Washington’s Farewell Address (no “entangling alliances”) XYZ Affair Convention of 1800 (re: France and neutral shipping) The failure of peaceful coercion War hawks War of 1812 (Perry on the Great Lakes; Burning of Washington, D. D.; Fort McHenry and “Star-Spangled Banner;” Battle of New Orleans) Treaty of Ghent Freedom of the high seas and shipping rights Embargo Act of 1807 Impressment The impact of European events on United States foreign policy Lasting influence of Washington’s Administration on U. S. foreign policy Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) – with Spain Convention of 1818 Monroe Doctrine (1823) 2 GOAL 2: Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) The learner will assess the competing forces of expansionism 2.01: Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union, 1801-1850. The rationale for and the consequences of Manifest Destiny Lewis and Clark Adams-Onis Treaty Texas Revolution Texas land grants to the “Old Hundred” The Alamo, San Jacinto Lone Star Republic Stephen Austin Election of 1844 President Polk Texas annexation “54o 40’ or fight!” Mexican War Generals Kearney, Scott, Taylor Wilmot Proviso Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Gadsden Purchase Oregon Trail Election of 1848, Taylor Federal Indian policy before the Civil War Indian Removal Act of 1830 Sequoyah Worcester v. Georgia (1832) Trail of Tears The political and economic importance of the West Missouri Compromise White male suffrage Trails west: Santa Fe, Mormon, Oregon California Gold Rush, 49ers 2.02: Describe how the growth of nationalism and sectionalism were reflected in art, literature, and language. Cultural expressions of patriotism Alex de Tocqueville Neoclassical architecture Edgar Allen Poe Celebrating the common man and the American way of life Washington Irving Nathaniel Hawthorne James Fennimore Cooper Hudson River School of Artists Influence of the Transcendentalist Movement Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau 2.03: Distinguish between the economic and social issues that led to sectionalism and nationalism. Transformation of life in the early Industrial Revolution Putting-out system versus factories Samuel Slater, mass production Working conditions, sources of labor Lowell Mill Women workers, spare daughters Immigrants – German, Irish 3 Lowell Strikes National Trades Union Commonwealth v. Hunt Market revolution, specialization by region Samuel Morse Eli Whitney, cotton gin, interchangeable parts John Deere Cyrus McCormick Robert Fulton Erie Canal Railroads 1st Industrial Revolution Nativism Know-Nothings Panic of 1819 Cultural polarization of antebellum America Cotton Kingdom William Lloyd Garrison Frederick Douglass John Brown’s Raid (Harper’s Ferry) Election of 1860, Lincoln Secession of seven states Border states Fort Sumter 2.04: Assess political events, issues, and personalities that contributed to sectionalism and nationalism. Political agendas of antebellum leaders Henry Clay American System John C. Calhoun Tariff of Abominations South Carolina Nullification Crisis South Carolina Exposition and Protest Force Bill Clay’s Compromise Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Act Kansas-Nebraska Act Popular Sovereignty Bleeding Kansas Caning of Sumner Dred Scott ruling Lincoln-Douglas Debates New Political Parties: American, Free Soil, Republican Election of 1852, Pierce Election of 1856, Buchanan Concepts of Jacksonian Democracy Election of 1824 “Corrupt Bargain” Election of 1828 Widespread suffrage Election of 1832 New campaign tactics Rise of the modern Democratic Party Spoils system Kitchen Cabinet Second National Bank, crisis and results Pet banks 4 Use of the veto Whig Party Martin Van Buren, Election of 1836 Depression of 1837 Election of 1840 William Henry Harrison, “Hard cider and a log cabin” John Tyler, trouble with Whigs Slave Revolts Nat Turner’s Rebellion States’ Rights McCulloch v. Maryland Fletcher v. Peck Dartmouth College v. Woodard Gibbons v. Ogden Webster-Hayne Debates Nullification Era of Good Feelings President Monroe Monroe Doctrine 2.05: Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness. Women’s Rights Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott Sojourner Truth Susan B. Anthony Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments Temperance Movement Improvement of social institutions (prison, mental health, education) Cult of domesticity Dorothea Dix Horace Mann Rehabilitation model of incarceration Prison reform Development of Utopian communities Brook Farm Oneida New Harmony 2.06: Evaluate the role of religion in the debate over slavery and other social movements and issues. Second Great Awakening Charles G. Finney Moral Dilemma of Slavery/Abolition William Lloyd Garrison Grimke Sisters David Walker Frederick Douglass Necessary evil Emancipation Uncle Tom’s Cabin GOAL 3: Crisis, Civil War and Reconstruction (1848-1877) The learner will analyze the issues that led to the Civil War, the effects of the war, and the impact of Reconstruction on the nation. 3.01: Trace the economic, social, and political events from the Mexican War to the outbreak of the Civil War. 5 Debate on the expansion of slavery Republican Party Popular sovereignty Sumner-Brooks incident Freeport Doctrine Lincoln-Douglas debates Free Soil Party Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857 Weak presidential leadership Kansas-Nebraska Act Bleeding Kansas Compromise of 1850 Growing Sectionalism Missouri Compromise Anti-slavery movement Slave codes Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman John Brown and Harper’s Ferry Fugitive Slave Act Compromise of 1850 Rise of the Republican Party 3.02: Analyze and assess the causes of the Civil War The role of slavery Fugitive Slave Act Economics and expansion of geographic regions Advantages of North and South in War King Cotton Interpretations of the 10th Amendment Confederation Jefferson Davis Immediate Causes of the War Election of 1860, Lincoln Secession of 7 states Fort Sumter Call for volunteers Secession of 4 states 3.03: Identify political and military turning points of the Civil War and assess their significance to the outcome of the conflict. Key Turning Points First Manassas/Bull Run Vicksburg (West) Sharpsburg/Antietam Peninsular Campaign Gettysburg Wilderness Campaign Sherman’s March Appomattox Court House New Military Technology Ironclads, Monitor v. Merrimack Breech-loading rifle Strategies of both sides Anaconda Plan Defensive War Major Political and Military Figures North: 6 Lincoln McClellan Grant Sherman Copperheads South: Davis Lee Jackson Election of 1864 Booth European Powers Support of Britain Executive Powers Suspension of Writ of Habeas Corpus Gettysburg Address Emancipation Proclamation Resistance to the War Effort African-Americans – North and South Mountain-Dwellers in Confederacy 3.04: Analyze the political, economic, and social impact of Reconstruction on the nation and identify the reasons why Reconstruction came to an end. Effects of Military Occupation Reconstruction Act of 1867 Limits on Presidential and Congressional Power Wade-Davis Bill Andrew Johnson Amnesty Acts Tenure of Office Act Johnson’s Impeachment Elections of 1868 and 1872 Scandals under Grant: Whiskey Ring, Credit Mobilier Depression (Panic) of 1873 Development of a New Labor System Sharecropping Tenant farming Reconstruction: Resistance and Decline Black codes Solid South KKK Force acts Election of 1876, Hayes Compromise of 1877 Enfranchisement and Civil Rights Freedmen’s Bureau 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments Reorganization of Southern Social, Economic, and Political Systems Scalawags Carpetbaggers Radical Republicans Reconstruction Plans Thaddeus Stevens “New South” versus “Old South” 3.05: Evaluate the degree to which the Civil War and Reconstruction proved to be a test of the supremacy of the national government 7 Supremacy of the Federal Government Military Reconstruction Election of 1876 Compromise of 1877 The Question of Secession Dwindling Support for Civil Rights 13th Amendment Civil Rights Act of 1866 14th Amendment Jim Crow laws Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 15th Amendment Literacy test Poll tax Grandfather clause GOAL 4: The Great West and the Rise of the Debtor (1860-1896) The learner will evaluate the great westward movement and assess the impact of the agricultural revolution on the nation. 4.01: Compare and contrast the different groups of peoples who migrated to the West and describe the problems they experienced. Challenges of Westward Movement Roles of women Roles of African Americans Roles of Chinese Roles of Irish Sod houses, dugout homes Motivation for Westward Movement Joseph Smith Brigham Young Mormons Homestead Act Comstock Lode Oklahoma Land Rush Gold Rush 4.02: Evaluate the impact that settlement in the West had upon different groups of people and the environment. Impact of the transcontinental railroad Dawes Act Moving Native Americans to reservations Chief Joseph Nez Pearce Promontory Point, Utah Irish Immigrants Chinese Immigrants Development of the cattle, ranching, and mining industries Repeater rifle – slaughter of buffalo Development of cattle industry – use of railroads The “long drive” – cowboys Fencing the prairie, barbed wire Closing the frontier – Turner Thesis Mexican influence on the West 8 Westward Movement Impact on Indians Destruction of: Buffalo Reservation system Indian Wars Sand Creek Massacre – Cheyenne Battle of Little Bighorn/Custer’s Last Stand – Crazy Horse Battle of Wounded Knee Helen Hunt Jackson’s Century of Dishonor Buffalo Soldiers Rise and fall of Populism Demand for “cheap” money – silver Goldbugs versus Free Silverites Election of 1896 – William McKinley versus William Jennings Bryan Collapse of Populism Impact of laws and court cases on the farmer Morrill Land Grant Act (1862) Farmers versus railroads – Grange Populist Party Munn v. Illinois Interstate Commerce Act Growing discontent of the farmer Southern Alliance Colored Farmers’ Alliance Omaha Platform Rebates Gold standard versus bimetallism “Cross of Gold” speech Greenbacks 4.04: Describe innovations in agricultural technology and business practices and assess their impact on the West. Technological improvements in farming Steel windmill Steel plow Mechanical reaper Changing nature of farming as a business Farmers’ Cooperatives Increased dependence on railroads Refrigerator car GOAL 5: Becoming an Industrial Society (1877-1900) The learner will describe innovations in technology and business practices and assess their impact on economic, political, and social life in America. 5.01: Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life. Urban Issues Urbanization Housing Elevator Dumbbell tenements Jacob Riis Sanitation Transportation Electric trolleys, streetcars, subways 9 The rise of ethnic neighborhoods Culture shock Social Gospel movement Settlement houses, Jane Addams “New Immigration” (before 1890 versus after 1890) Ellis Island Angel Island Nativism Chinese Exclusion Act Gentlemen’s Agreement Sweatshops Cultural pluralism Melting pot (?) New forms of leisure Amusement parks Spectator sports Central Park, Frederick Olmstead 5.02: Explain how business and industrial leaders accumulated wealth and wielded political and economic power. Emergence of new industries Railroads Steel Bessemer Process U. S. Steel Oil Edwin Drake Standard Oil Other Technology Telephone, Alexander Graham Bell Harnessing electricity, Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse Typewriter, Christopher Sholes Changes in the ways businesses formed and consolidated power Trust Monopoly Vertical and horizontal integration Interlocking directorates Influence of business leaders as “captains of industry” or as “robber barons” Gilded Age Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller J. P. Morgan Vanderbilts Dukes Relationship of big business to the government Laissez-faire economics versus regulation Credit Mobilier Munn v. Illinois Interstate Commerce Act Sherman Antitrust Act Influence of Darwinism, Social Darwinism, and the Gospel of Wealth Philanthropy of robber barons versus business practices Horatio Alger stories Jacob Riis 5.03: Assess the impact of labor unions on industry and the lives of workers 10 Formation of labor unions Working conditions Wages Child labor Types of unions Craft unions Trade unions Industrial unions National Labor Union, Sylvis Knights of Labor, Powderly American Federation of Labor, Gompers American Railway Union, Debs International Workers of the World, Haywood Tactics used by labor unions Strike Collective bargaining Arbitration Mediation Closed shop Strikes: Great Strike of 1877 Haymarket Affair Homestead Strike Pullman Strike Opposition to labor unions Haymarket Affair Role of federal government, use of troops Yellow-dog contract Sherman Antitrust Act 5.04: Describe the changing role of government in economic and political affairs Impact of law and court decisions Sherman Antitrust Act Tariff issue “Laissez-faire” government policies Operation of political machines Boss Tweed Tammany Hall Patronage versus the civil service system Pendleton Act Mugwumps Stalwarts versus Half-breeds Election of 1892, Assassination of Garfield Impact of corruption and scandal in the government Thomas Nast Credit Mobilier Graft Whiskey Ring Election of 1896 Populism Secret ballot (Australian ballot) Referendum Recall Initiative 11 17th Amendment Goal 6: The emergence of the United States in World Affairs (1890-1914) The learner will analyze causes and effects of the United States’ emergence as a world power. 6.01: Examine the factors that led to the United States taking an increasingly active role in world affairs. Global and military competition Alfred Mahan Increased demands for resources and markets Imperialism Spheres of influence Closing of the frontier Frederick Jackson Turner Exploitation of nations, peoples, and resources Josiah Strong 6.02: Identify the areas of the United States’ military, economic, and political involvement and influence. Causes and conduct of the Spanish-American War Yellow journalism William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer U. S. S. Maine DeLome Letter Treaty of Paris of 1898 “A Splendid Little War” United States Interventions: Hawaii Queen Liliuokalani Latin America Panama Canal Pancho Villa raids Caribbean Jose Marti, Cuban Revolution, General Weyler Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders Admiral Sampson Puerto Rico Foraker Act Insular Cases Protectorate status Platt Amendment (Cuba) – Guantanamo Bay Asia/Pacific Philippines Filipino-American War Aguinaldo Commodore Dewey Seward’s Folly (Alaska) China Spheres of influence Hay’s Open Door Policy 6.03: Describe how the policies and actions of the United States government impacted (sic) the affairs of other countries. Intervention versus isolation 12 “Jingoism” Platt Amendment Anti-Imperialism League Missionary Diplomacy Support for and opposition to U. S. economic intervention Annexation of Hawaii Panama Canal Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty Army Corps of Engineers Dollar Diplomacy Perception of the U. S. as a world power Roosevelt Corollary, “Big Stick” diplomacy Great White Fleet Treaty of Portsmouth Boxer Rebellion Open Door Policy GOAL 7: The Progressive Movement in the United States (1890-1914) The learner will analyze the economic, political, and social reforms of the Progressive Period. 7.01: Explain the conditions that led to the rise of Progressivism. Corruption and ineffectiveness of government Muckraking Ida Tarbell, The History of Standard Oil Immigration and urban poor Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives Urban slums Working conditions Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Emergence of the Social Gospel Unequal distribution of wealth 7.02: Analyze how different groups of Americans made economic and political gains in the Progressive Period. The roles of the Progressive presidents Roosevelt Square Deal Coal Strike (1902) Sherman Antitrust Act – Busts “bad” trusts (ones against the public interest) U. S. v. E. C. Knight and Company (1895 – pre-TR; sugar) Railroads: Northern Securities v. U. S. (1904) Elkins Act Hepburn Act Pure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection Act Conservation (Pinchot) Progressive (Bull Moose) Party Taft American Tobacco v. U. S. (1911) Payne-Aldrich Tariff (1909) Pinchot-Ballinger controversy (conservation) Trustbusting record #1 Wilson 13 New Freedom Clayton Antitrust Act (All trusts are bad – bust them.) Federal Trade Commission Underwood Tariff Federal Reserve System Election of 1912 TR, Taft, Wilson, Debs (Socialist) The growing power of the electorate 17th Amendment Direct primary Initiative Referendum Recall The changing roles and influence of women Hull House, Jane Addams 18th Amendment (Volstead Act) Carrie Nation 19th Amendment (Women’s suffrage) Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton Cary Chapman Catt The impact of political and economic changes on the working class 16th Amendment (income tax) The changing nature of state and local governments Robert LaFollette Child labor laws Illinois Factory Act Keating-Owen Act New York fire codes Maximum hours/work week cases Mueller v. Oregon Bunting v. Oregon 7.03: Evaluate the effects of racial segregation on different regions and segments of the United States’ society. Disenfranchisement Literacy test Poll tax Grandfather clauses African-American responses to Jim Crow Great Migration Booker T. Washington (“Cast down your bucket where you are”) W. E. B. DuBois (“Talented Tenth”) Atlanta Compromise Speech Niagara Movement NAACP Segregated society Ida Wells Barnett – federal anti-lynching law Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) 7.04: Examine the impact of technological changes on economic, social, and cultural life in the United States. Industrial innovations Wright Brothers Movie camera Electricity 14 Skyscrapers Sewing machine Ford Assembly line Model T $5 Day Workers as Consumers Emergence of advertising and consumerism Coca-Cola Mail-order catalogs Kodak cameras Airline service GOAL 8: The Great War and Its Aftermath (1914-1930) The learner will analyze the United States’ involvement in World War I and the war’s influence on international affairs during the 1920s. 8.01: Examine the reasons why the United States remained neutral at the beginning of World War I, but later became involved. Causes of World War I in Europe Militarism Imperialism Nationalism Treaties of Alliance Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Serbia and Russia Allies Central Powers Kaiser Wilhelm II Schlieffen Plan Use and effects of propaganda U. S. antiwar sentiment Election of 1916 – Wilson versus Hughes Isolationists Jeanette Rankin (vote versus war) Reasons for U. S. entry into the Great War U-boat warfare Contraband Zimmerman Telegram Lusitania Wilson – “Make the world safe for democracy” Idealism 8.02: Identify political and military turning points of the war and determine their significance to the outcome of the conflict The importance of United States participation in World War I John J. Pershing American Expeditionary Force Marshal Ferdinand Foch Modernization of warfare British blockade U-boat wolfpacks Convoy system Trench warfare, “no man’s land” Mustard gas Airplanes 15 Captain Eddie Rickenbacker Russian and Bolshevik Revolutions The changing nature of United States foreign policy Key factors in Allies’ success Doughboys Alvin York Failure of United States to ratify the Treaty of Versailles Armistice Fourteen Points (#1-5, 14) League of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge The “Big Four” “Make Germany Pay” war guilt clause reparations “Peace without victory” 8.03: Assess the political, economic, social, and cultural effects of the war on the United States and other nations. Adjustment from wartime to peacetime economy John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers Flu epidemic Government bureaucracy in the United States Committee on Public Information, George Creel Food Administration, Herbert Hoover War Industries Board, Bernard Baruch Sale of Liberty Bonds Anti-immigration sentiment and the first Red Scare Red Scare Emergency Quota Act (immigration) International Workers of the World Ku Klux Klan Palmer Raids Sacco and Vanzetti Restrictions on civil liberties during wartime Espionage and Sedition Acts Imprisonment of Debs Schenck v. U. S. (1919) Political changes in Europe and the near East Self-determination New map of Europe Russia’s separate treaty with Germany Impact of isolationism on American foreign policy Kellogg-Briand Pact Washington Naval Conference Dawes Plan GOAL 9: Prosperity and Depression (1919-1939) The learner will appraise the economic, social, and political changes of the decades of “The Twenties” and “The Thirties.” 9.01: Elaborate on the cycle of economic boom and bust in the 1920s and 1930s. The impact of presidential policies on economic activity Harding “Return to Normalcy” 16 Laissez-faire Teapot Dome scandal Albert Fall Coolidge Laissez-faire Hoover Hawley-Smoot Tariff (high!) Rugged individualism Boulder Dam Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) Home Loan Bank Act Gassing the Bonus Army Roosevelt Election of 1932 (Hoover versus FDR) New Deal Direct relief Rise and/or decline of major industries in the United States Industries that boomed due to WWI tended to suffer first Farmers in depression in 1920s Factors leading to the stock market crash and the onset of the Great Depression Speculation Buying on the margin Mechanization “Black Tuesday” 9.02: Analyze the extent of prosperity for different segments of society during this period. Consumer spending habits and trends Easy credit Installment plan buying Difficulties of farmers Overproduction Response to end of prosperity (Stock Market crash, Dust Bowl, Bonus Army, bank failures) Hoovervilles Soup kitchens Breadlines 9.03: Analyze the significance of social, intellectual, and technological changes of lifestyle in the United States The impact of mass media Radio FDR’s “fireside chats” Marketing, advertising Public response to the Great Depression The Lost Generation F. Scott Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway Sinclair Lewis The Harlem Renaissance Jazz Langston Hughes Louis Armstrong Zora Neale Hurston Prohibition Speakeasies Bootleggers Leisure time and spectator sports 17 Flappers Silent and “talkie” movies “The Jazz Singer” Babe Ruth Charles Lindbergh Automobiles 9.04: Describe challenges to traditional practices in religion, race, and gender. The “Back to Africa” movement and Pan-Africanism Marcus Garvey United Negro Improvement Association W. E. B. DuBois The Fundamentalists versus Freethinking Movement Fundamentalism Scopes Trial Aimee Semple McPherson Billy Sunday Religion in Politics The changing role of women Margaret Sanger 9.05: Assess the impact of the New Deal reforms in enlarging the role of the federal government in American life. Responses to the New Deal Father Charles Coughlin “Kingfish” Huey Long Dr. Frances Townsend (not a woman, and not the first female cabinet member ) Liberty League The Three R’ (Relief, Recovery, Reform) FDR’s (First) New Deal “Brain Trust” Bank Holiday – Emergency Banking Relief Act Fireside chats First Hundred Days Second New Deal (the forgotten man) Setbacks in the Supreme Court AAA and NIRA unconstitutional Court-packing plan Social Security Administration * Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) * Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) * Public Works Administration (PWA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) * National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) Works Progress Administration (WPA) National Labor Relations Act (aka Wagner Act) Fair Labor Standards Act * Expansion of the role of the federal government Deficit spending Agencies noted with * still exist today Women and minorities Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins “Black Cabinet” Mary McLeod Bethune 18 Role of Eleanor Roosevelt Marian Anderson FDR opposes federal antilynching law “Solid South” John Collier, Indian Reorganization Act (reservations are back) GOAL 10: World War II and the Beginning of the Cold War (1930-1963) The learner will analyze the United States’ involvement in World War II and the war’s influence on international affairs in the following decades 10.01: Identify military, political, and diplomatic turning points of the war and determine their significance to the outcome and aftermath of the conflict. Appeasement Anschluss (Austria) Munich Pact Chamberlain Czechoslovakia Poland Declaration of War in Europe Blitzkrieg Fall of France (Charles De Gaulle) Rescue at Dunkirk Battle of Britain (RAF v. Luftwaffe) Winston Churchill Isolationism Kellogg-Briand Pact Nye Committee Reparations Totalitarian governments Fascism Socialism Communism Adolf Hitler Third Reich Rise of the Nazi Party, 1933 Mein Kampf Master race theory Benito Mussolini Emperor Hirohito Japan’s economic problems (Manchuria, Manchukuo, Tojo) Joseph Stalin Collectivization, Five-Year Plans Great Purges, Siberia Non-Aggression Pact Hitler invades – “scorched earth policy” Treaty of Versailles Worldwide depression Persecution of Jews Nuremberg Laws Kristallnacht Ghettos Genocide – Holocaust Concentration camps 10.02: Same as 10.1 (?) 19 The United States at war From Isolationism to Involvement Quarantine Speech Neutrality Acts Cash and Carry Lend-Lease Act Atlantic Charter – five war aims Selective Service Act Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941) European Theater North African Campaign against Rommel’s Afrika Corps Eisenhower Patton Italian Campaign (Operation Torch) “Bloody Anzio” Operation Barbarossa Stalingrad Operation Overlord (D-Day) – Invasion at Normandy Battle of the Bulge V-E Day Pacific Theater MacArthur Nimitz Battle at Coral Sea (protects Australia) Midway “leapfrogging” (island-hopping) strategy Guadalcanal Philippines (MacArthur returns) – Leyte Gulf Iwo Jima and Okinawa Kamikazes Hiroshima, Nagasaki Death of FDR – Truman takes over Manhattan Project – atomic bomb Oppenheimer V-J Day Wartime Conferences Casablanca Tehran Potsdam Yalta The influence of propaganda at home and abroad Newsreels Pamphlets Air drops Wartime posters Four Freedoms Designs for peace Creation of the United Nations Division of Germany Occupation of Japan Nuremberg Trials Israel 10.03: Describe and analyze the effects of the war on American economic, social, political, and cultural life. The home front 20 FDR beats Wendell Wilkie (1940) War bonds Women in Service – WAACS, WAVES Segregation of African Americans Office of Research and Development – inventions A. Philip Randolph – canceled March on Washington War Production Board (WPB) “Rosie the Riveter” Office of Price Administration (OPA) rationing Suspension of civil liberties Relocation of Japanese-Americans Korematsu v. U. S. Suburbanization (This topic is repeated in Goal 11; terms are included in 11.01) Transition to peacetime Postwar economic boom AFL-CIO Taft-Hartley Act 10.04: Elaborate on changes in the direction of foreign policy related to the beginnings of the Cold War. U. S. military intervention Korea 38th Parallel North (Communist) invades South U. S. and United Nations (MacArthur) Cease-fire (two Koreas) CIA Cuba Fidel Castro The Cold War Civil War in China: Nationalists (Chiang Kai-shek) versus Communists (Mao Zedong) Iron Curtain Division of Germany Berlin Blockade and Airlift Domino Theory Containment Eastern Europe Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan 10.05: Assess the role of organizations established to maintain peace and examine their continuing effectiveness Balance of power Alliance for Progress NATO Warsaw Pact Organizations for peace Organization of American States SEATO United Nations Security Council Goal 11: Recovery, Prosperity, and Turmoil (1945-1980) The learner will trace economic, political, and social developments and assess their significance for the lives of Americans during this time period. 21 11.01: Describe the effects of the Cold War on economic, political, and social life in America. Effects of Cold War on America’s home life Postwar economic boom G. I. Bill McCarran Internal Security Act Alger Hiss The Rosenburgs Domino Theory and Geopolitics Eisenhower’s Foreign Policy John Foster Dulles – massive retaliation Hydrogen bomb Brinkmanship Soviets in Hungary Suez Canal Crisis Sputnik U-2 Incident ICBMs John Glenn Krushchev Eisenhower Doctrine Geneva Accords Kennedy’s Foreign Policy Bay of Pigs Invasion Cuban Missile Crisis Berlin Wall Washington-Krushchev hotline Limited Test Ban Treaty McCarthyism Loyalty Review Board House Un-American Activities Commission McCarthyism Hollywood blacklists Spread of suburbia Baby boomers Levittown Northern Migration Middle-class Conglomerates/franchises Conformity Effects of television White flight/poverty in cities Effects of Nixon’s visits to China and Moscow Détente Ping-pong diplomacy Carter’s Human Rights Foreign Policy and the Collapse of Détente Helsinki Accords (1975) The Military-Industrial Complex 11.02: Trace major events of the civil rights movement and evaluate the movement’s impact The Civil Rights Movement De jure and de facto segregation Affirmative Action Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Thurgood Marshall 22 Little Rock Nine Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks Martin Luther King, Jr. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) Sit-ins Freedom Rides Birmingham March March on Washington “I Have a Dream” speech Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1968 Selma Campaign Freedom Summer Voting Rights Act of 1965 James Meredith George Wallace Tension within the Movement’s Leadership Malcolm X/Nation of Islam Stokely Carmichael/Black Power Huey Newton and Bobby Seales/Black Panthers Changes in State and Federal Legislation Executive Actions Truman Desegregation of the U. S. military Eisenhower Enforcement of Brown v. Board Kennedy Johnson 11.03: Identify major social movements including, but not limited to, those involving women, young people, and the environment, and evaluate the impact of these movements in the United States’ society. Cultural Movements Feminists Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique National Organization for Women (NOW) Gloria Steinem Phyliss Schafly Roe v. Wade (1973) Failure of Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) American Indians American Indians Movement (AIM) Latinos United Farm Workers Cesar Chavez Labor Movement Environmental Movement Social Movements Pop Culture Rock and Roll Elvis Presley Counterculture 23 Hippies Woodstock The Beatnik Movement Jack Kerouac Socio-economic Status and Jobs White-collar Blue-collar Pink-collar 11.04: Identify the causes of the United States’ involvement in Vietnam and examine how this involvement affected society. Significance of the Domino Theory Geneva Accords U. S. Involvement in Vietnam Ho Chi Minh Overthrow of Ngo Diem Vietcong, guerilla tactics Tonkin Gulf Resolution General Westmoreland Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara U. S. Tactics Operation Rolling Thunder Carpet bombing Napalm Agent Orange Search and destroy missions Vietnam’s Effect on U. S. Politics and Society Credibility gap Draft exemptions My Lai Massacre Invasion of Cambodia Pentagon Papers War Powers Act Opposition Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) Draft dodging Kent State Massacre Vietnamization Fall of Saigon Role of the Media Living room war 11.05: Examine the impact of technological innovations that have impacted (sic) American life. The Impact of the Space Race on Education Technological Changes Mass Media Color television Communication Military Science Microwave Medicine Electronics 24 Silicon Valley Data storage Transportation Energy Nuclear power Connection of Population Shifts to Technological Changes in Society 11.06: Identify political events and the actions and reactions of the government officials and citizens, and assess the social and political consequences. * Fair Deal 1948 Election (Truman versus Dewey) Little Rock Nine * Dynamic Conservatism Interstate and Defense Highway Act New Frontier Kennedy-Nixon TV Debates Flexible response doctrine Keynesian economics Peace Corps Alliance for Progress NASA – moon landing goal Neil Armstrong Assassination – Warren Commission Report Great Society HeadStart Department of Housing and Urban Development Medicare/Medicaid Warren Court Rulings Elementary and Secondary Education Act Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 1965 New Federalism/Law and Order Revenue sharing “Enemies list” Nixon’s Southern Strategy “gradual integration” stagflation OPEC/oil embargo Voter Apathy 1968 as a Turning Point Election Johnson does not seek re-election Democratic National Convention in Chicago Robert F. Kennedy’s candidacy Eugene McCarthy as “dove” candidate Nixon elected RFK Assassination by Sirhan Sirhan MLK, Jr. Assassination by James Earl Ray TET Offensive Psychological turning point of American involvement Watergate Scandal New York Times v. U. S. (1971) 25 Sam Ervin, Senate Commission John Dean Woodward and Bernstein U. S. v. Nixon (1974) Presidential pardon Changing relationship of the federal government (sic) Urban Renewal Programs GOAL 12: The United States since the Vietnam War (1973-Present) The learner will identify and analyze trends in domestic and foreign affairs of the United States during this time period. 12.01: Summarize significant events in foreign policy since the Vietnam War. Problems in the Third World Famine in Somalia, Ethiopia Apartheid Nelson Mandela Bosnia Modern-day Genocide Saddam Hussein AIDS and Pandemics Politics of Oil Iran-Contra Affair Persian Gulf War Rise of Religious and Political Radicalism Nationalism for Palestine Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Yasser Arafat U. S. invasion of Lebanon Yom Kippur War Camp David Accords Anwar el-Sadat Menachem Begin Shah of Iran Ayatollah Khomeini Iranian Hostage Crisis Jimmy Carter Collapse of Communism Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) INF Treaty Mikhail Gorbachev Fall of the Berlin Wall Tienanmen Square European Union Changing Roles of International Organizations 12.02: Evaluate the impact of recent constitutional amendments, court rulings, and federal legislation on United States citizens. Role of Lobbyists and Special Interest Groups Political Action Committees (PACs) The Supreme Court Minority Rights Regents of California v. Bakke (1978), reverse discrimination Affirmative Action 26 Texas v. Johnson (1989) -- flag burning Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg – bussing to achieve racial integration Privacy Rights Conservative Justices William Rehnquist Sandra Day O’Connor Clarence Thomas 12.03: Identify and assess the impact of economic, technological, and environmental changes in the United States. Recession: Economic Boom and Bust Ford’s Administration Whip Inflation Now (WIN) Stagflation Reagan’s Administration Supply-side Economics “Trickle-down” Theory National Debt NASDAQ (1990s) Benefits and Conflicts of Continued Globalization North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Conservation Measures Department of Energy National Energy Act Solar Energy Impact of Economics on Lifestyle Failure of healthcare reform Stock Market Job Market Impact of Technology on Way of Life Three Mile Island Challenger disaster Computer Revolution Microsoft, Bill Gates Internet Changes from Industrial Economy to Service Economy 12.04: Identify and assess the impact of social, political, and cultural changes in the United States Changing Society Social Amnesty for draft-dodgers Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Geraldine Ferraro Title IX Graying of America Multiculturalism No Child Left Behind Act Political Election of 1976 – Carter versus Ford Elections of 1980-2000 New Right Coalition New Federalism New Democrat Ross Perot (1992) 27 Newt Gingrich (1994 Republican Revolution, Contract with America) Bill Clinton (1992) Al Gore (2000) Joe Lieberman (2000 VP candidate) John McCain (2000 Republican candidate) 27th Amendment Cultural Demographic Presidential Troubles Major Issues Healthcare Welfare Reform Medicare AIDS 12.05: Assess the impact of growing racial and ethnic diversity in American society. Growing Cultural Diversity in the U. S. Green card Nativist Bilingual education Questions of Race Minorities in politics Population Changes and New Demographics 12:06: Assess the impact of Twenty-first Century terrorist activity on American society. Restrictions on Civil Liberties Patriot Act The Challenge to the American Spirit Embassy bombings September 11, 2001 World Trade Center bombing Pentagon Osama bin Laden Terrorist Network U. S. Government Policy Toward Terrorism Colin Powell Department of Homeland Security Airport security Pre-emptive strikes “Axis of Evil” Nuclear proliferation Impact of Terrorist Threats on U. S. Foreign Policy War in Afghanistan Taliban Regime War in Iraq