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GH12: Student Name_________
The World in 1945:
_______________ people killed during
WW II
The Soviet Union occupied Eastern Europe and part of Germany.
The U.S. moves to encircle the Soviet Union with a system of _________ and military aid.
U.S. offers _____________ plan to rebuild Europe and gives __________ in aid.
The U.S. adopted a policy of “_________________” of the Soviet Union with military bases
around the world.
An “____________________” of tense relations separated the Western allies from the
U.S.S.R. and its allies.
The World became divided into two hostile camps:
The ___________ and the ______________.
During the Cold War, the U.S.S.R and the U.S. followed a policy of
__________________________.
MAD is a military deterrence strategy in which a full scale use of nuclear weapons by one of
the opposing powers would result in the destruction of both. The U.S. and U.S.S.R had enough
nuclear bombs to destroy the world about _____________ times.
1950-53 - A divided Korea led to war, separated family members, and cost 2.8 million lives,
including 48,000 Americans. 25,000 Canadians served with ________ killed
1963-1972 - Three million people died in the Vietnam War, including 58,000 Americans.
30,000 Canadians served with only _______ troops killed.
The forty years of the Cold War were costly in resources. The US spent ________trillion
dollars on nuclear arms. Russia spent _______trillion, and for what? How much is a trillion
dollars? A trillion dollars is enough to give each family in U.S. / Canada just under $100,000.
each
During the _______________many former colonized peoples created new nations
India gained independence from Britain in 1947. Indonesia gained independence from the
Dutch in 1949. Ghana gained independence from Great Britain in 1957.
By 1965 most former _________________colonies had become newly created independent
nation-states. The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. competed for the ______________of these new
nations.
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Several of the new nations pursued a ______________policy. In 1955 India, Indonesia, and
Yugoslavia sponsored the __________ Conference of Non-Aligned nations. It aimed to
promote solidarity among newly independent states and to __________the U.S. and the
U.S.S.R. from meddling in their domestic affairs. Nehru and Sukarno led the meeting.
In 1750, China and India provided ______% of world manufacturing. In 1953, they
manufactured only ____% of the world’s goods. Today the number stands at just under 20%
What caused such a dramatic change?
In the 1960s, as the colonized people gained independence, the world-wide split between the
______________–rich industrial nations—and the ____________– poor “third world”
nations—grew wider.
How did Western leaders try to restore world trade after World War II?
In 1944, at the Bretton Woods Monetary Conference in New Hampshire, Western
leaders: Created the _______________. Established the ______________________ Fund.
Established stable currency exchange rates which ushered in a new Global Age of economic
cooperation. However, these agreements did not include the ________________nations
In 1971, however, the high cost of the Vietnam War prompted President Richard Nixon to
abolish the fixed currency exchange rates that had been established at Bretton Woods. Gold
backing for currencies was eliminated. World currencies “_________.” The Age of Free
Market Capitalism began, but still excluded the Soviet bloc nations
In theory, free world trade encourages greater ____________________, more
______________, and greater ____________. As well as efficient use of world
resources is possible. _______________ are eliminated. Businesses can move where
they make more profits. More jobs are created. People have more money
to spend. And each country can concentrate on what it does best.
In the 1980s the U.S. moved to expand __________________________within the global
system. What is free market capitalism? Little ______________interference in the market
Freedom of individual choice, _______________market economy, Markets as masters over
state policies, People should be free to pursue economic self-interest, Consuming goods a
major value. However, most nations continued to pursue some forms of ________________
In the 1980s China moved toward a ________________ system and joined the global
economy. China’s Trade surplus balance with U.S. was $666.2 billion in the 2004
China now buys from 1-2 billion dollars of the U.S. debt each day. China’s economy will probably
equal that of _______in twenty-five years, surpassing Canada.
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In 1989, the ______________ came down and the Cold War ended. Eastern European
countries broke away from Soviet control. The Soviet Union itself broke into more than a
dozen new states. The Berlin Wall was built in August 1961 and destroyed on __________
In 1991, India abandoned it’s 44 year-old socialist oriented economy and embraced a the
_____________system and joined the global economy. With a GDP of 800 billion dollars,
India is now the _________ largest world economy after the U.S., China and Japan
India’s growth rate has averaged about 5.8 per cent for the past fifteen years.
Major exports include Clothing, Automobiles and Handicrafts
In the 1990s, with the integration of many of the states of the former Soviet Union and the
entry of China and India, ___________________ now embraced the majority of the world’s
economies. In the 1980s, the U.S., the major world power, became the chief advocate of free
market capitalism for the global system.
What is Globalization?
Increasing global connectedness through rapid _________________ and ____________.
Rapid intensification of ___________________ social relations.
Swift and free flow of capital, people, and ideas across national borders.
Life expectancy is rising, but it varies world wide. Average worldwide life expectancy is ____
New technologies allow humans to control nature like never before
Expanding technology makes possible an abundance of ___________________for consumers.
More goods are being produced, bought, and sold worldwide than ever before.
______________ideas have spread to more countries than ever before including
India, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia, Qatar, Mali, Brazil, & South Africa
But globalization brings high human costs. Although the world’s people are producing more
than 47 ___________dollars in wealth, these riches are not distributed equally.
The growing gap between the rich and the poor continues to increase. _______% get most of
the wealth. The U.S. owns ______trillion dollars of the world’s wealth. 2 billion of the world’s
people live on less than $2 a day. Peasants are forced to leave their land as money and wage
economies spread. Workers without education and skills are often left behind.
Some large multinational corporations have more wealth than many ___________.
In poor countries _________labor is widespread. Some 212 million children of ages 5-14 are
working instead of going to school. These young girls work 12 hours a day, 6 days a week,
earning $2-3 per week. Most child labor involves _____________ work.
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Outsourcing is increasing. In 2003, the U.S. and Canada lost 234,000 information technology
jobs. An estimated 14 million more jobs may move _____________. But the U.S. loss is a gain
for India, China, Ireland, Korea and other nations
Manufacturing and capital flows to the areas of the world where we can make the most
_________. Strong labor unions, High wages, Environment protection laws and Unstable
governments all tend to keep businesses and investment __________.
The speed of globalization results in more ____________ and __________________
caused by over-cutting forests, burning fossil fuels thus producing more industrial and
consumer ________.
Negative effects of globalization.
Free trade is destroying us and Canadian ___________.
Development is destroying ______________________.
Industrial countries are not helping _________________develop
Globalization is forcing _______________to work.
Globalization involves paradoxes.
Profitable industry but __________gap between rich and poor?
Lots of cultural pluralism but people becoming “__________________?”
Increasing _______________________but small communities banding more tightly
together?
Huge _______________in industrialized nations but great _____________ in other
countries?
In 2002, the US led Allies “___________________” adopted policies of massive military
intervention as part of a war on terror.
2002 – The Allies invaded ____________________ to topple the government of the Taliban,
which was cooperating with international terrorists.
2003 – The allied forces invaded __________to overthrow the government of Saddam
Hussein. The U.S. accused him of supporting terrorism.
Are we entering a new era of international relations?
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