Download unit 2 lab review

Unit two Lab Review
SKELETAL SYSTEM (16 QUESTIONS)
What part of a long bone contains COMPACT BONE? Diaphysis
What part of a long bone contains SPONGY BONE? Epiphysis
Name this tissue, two words (on a model of a joint). Answer: Hyaline cartilage
Name this location, two words (on a model of a joint). Answer: Medullary cavity
AXIAL SKELETON contains the skull and vertebral column.
APPENDICULAR SKELETON contains the arms and legs.
NAME THIS BONE:
Maxilla
Mandible
coccyx
sternum
Cervical veretbrae
Thoracic veretbrae
Lumbar veretbrae
sacral vertebrae
clavicle
scapula
humerus
radius
ulna
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges ok to use this term for both the fingers and the toes)
pelvic bone
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsals
WHAT KIND OF RIB IS THIS? Answer: True, false, or floating (know the difference)
When someone has a hunchback, it is called _________. Answer: KYPHOSIS
When someone has a swayback it is called _________. Answer: LORDOSIS
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM (16 QUESTIONS)
Muscles are named according to their characteristics: name three such characteristics.
Answer: size, shape, action, location, direction of fibers, number of attachments
WHAT IS THE TERM THAT MEANS……
Reducing the angel of the joint? FLEXION
Increasing the angel of the joint? EXTENSION
Moving a body part towards the midline? ADDUCTION
Moving a body part away from the midline? ABDUCTION
Moving a body part around its own axis? ROTATION
Moving a body part in a circle? CIRCUMDUCTION
1. NAME THIS MUSCLE (from photo and from plastic model)
2. WHAT ACTION DOES IT DO?
FRONTALIS (moves eyebrows)
ORBICULARIS OCULI (blinks eyes)
ORBICULARIS ORIS (moves mouth)
ZYGOMATICUS (smile muscle)
MASSETER (for chewing)
PECTORALIS (pulls arm across chest)
DELTOID (raises arm)
BICEPS BRACHII (flexes forearm)
RECTUS ABDOMINUS
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
TRAPEZIUS (shrugs shoulders)
LATISSIMUS DORSI (pulls arms backwards)
TRICEPS BRACHII (extends forearm)
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM (extends fingers)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS (extends thigh)
HAMSTRINGS (flexes leg)
GASTROCNEMIUS (tip-toeing)
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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (16 QUESTIONS)
1. What is the COMMON name for this cell (slide under microscope)?
Answer: white blood cell or red blood cell
2. What is the MEDICAL name for this cell?
Answer: leukocyte or erythrocyte
3. What is the function of this cell?
Answer: fights infection or transports oxygen
4. What component of the blood carries nutrients (other than oxygen)?
5. Nutrients exit and wastes enter which type of blood vessel?
6. What BLOOD VESSEL returns the deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?
7. Which CHAMBER of the heart receives venous blood (two words)?
8. What keeps the blood from flowing backwards in the heart?
9. What is the name of the artery that leaves the heart with deoxygenated blood and goes to the
lungs to pick up more oxygen?
10. Which heart CHAMBER pumps blood throughout the body? (two words)
11. What is the name of the first artery that leaves the heart to take oxygenated blood to the body?
12. What arteries nourish the heart tissue?
13. How many times per minute does the heart normally beat?
14. What is normal resting blood pressure?
15. Which heart CHAMBER is the most muscular?
16. What two nodes in the heart send an electrical current that tells the heart to contract?
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Nervous System and Senses (16 Questions)
1. The Central Nervous System consists of what two components?
2. The Peripheral Nervous System consists of what two components?
3. What portion of the brain is largest in humans?
4. What portion of the brain controls muscular coordination?
5. What is the most inferior portion of the brain stem?
6. What type of neuron is completely within the spinal cord?
7. What part of the eye contains sensory receptors for sight?
8. Where on the retina is the blind spot located?
9. What part of the ear contains the sensory receptors for hearing?
10. What part of the ear is for balance?
11. What two types of cells are the sensory receptors for sight?
12. What two senses are dependent on chemoreceptors?
13-16. Name the four main taste sensations.
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Fitness and Energy – (12 questions)
1. Approximately how many calories do you burn in a day?
Your answer should be same as on page 119 in lab manual
2. What is a calorie?
3. SDA refers to the amount of energy needed to process what?
4. Give an example of a basal metabolism activity.
5. With age, the basal metabolism decreases. What is the implication for daily energy intake?
6. Daily energy requirement must be in balance with what to not gain weight?
7. Generally speaking, a male should have no more than what percentage of body fat?
8. Generally speaking, a female should have no more than what percentage of body fat?
9. How many calories are equal to one pound of fat?
10. In which sex is it natural to have a higher percentage of body fat?
11-12: List two things that use energy to process food.
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THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL ORGANS (12 questions)
NAME THIS STRUCTURE:
NECK
LARYNX (model)
TRACHEA (model)
ESOPHAGUS (model)
THYROID GLAND (model)
THORACIC CAVITY
HEART (rat)
LUNGS (rat)
DIAPHRAGM (rat)
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
LIVER (rat)
STOMACH (rat)
SMALL INTESTINE (rat)
LARGE INTESTINE (rat)
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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (8 questions)
NAME THIS STRUCTURE:
URINARY SYSTEM
KIDNEYS (rat and model)
URETERS (model)
URINARY BLADDER (model)
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
TESTES (rat)
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
OVARIES (model)
UTERUS (model)
FALLOPIAN TUBES (model)
VAGINA (rat)
EVOLUTION (4 questions)
1. Which skeleton has a narrow and long pelvis; chimpanzee or human?
2. Which has thicker supraorbital ridges, the chimpanzee or human skull?
3. In this laboratory, what type of biochemical reaction was mentioned to determine relatedness?
4. All apes and humans are members of what order?
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