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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Skills Worksheet Test Prep Pretest In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. _____ 1. In the exponential model of population growth, the growth rate a. remains constant. c. increases. b. declines. d. rises and falls. _____ 2. The most important element of population growth is a. immigration. c. death rate. b. emigration. d. birthrate. _____ 3. Most density-dependent factors that affect population growth are a. biotic. c. stable. b. abiotic. d. unimportant. _____ 4. What form of interaction is taking place when a shark devours a seal? a. commensalism c. predation b. mutualism d. parasitism _____ 5. When lions and hyenas fight over a dead zebra, their interaction is called a. mutualism. c. commensalism. b. competition. d. parasitism. _____ 6. Mutualism and commensalism are two types of a. symbiosis. c. parasitism. b. competition. d. predation. _____ 7. In the face of competition, an organism may occupy only part of its fundamental niche. That part is called its a. biome. c. realized niche. b. community. d. ecosystem. _____ 8. The unique function an organism performs in its environment is called its a. species. c. niche. b. biodiversity. d. habitat. _____ 9. Limited resources are the main source of a. competition. c. predation. b. disease. d. All of the above _____ 10. The resilience of an ecosystem depends largely on which factor(s)? a. predation c. biodiversity b. competition d. All of the above Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 19 Populations and Communities Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Test Prep Pretest continued Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase in the space provided. 11. A characteristic of ______________________ is that they often do not kill their prey because they depend on the prey for food and a place to live. 12. Virtually all plants contain toxic compounds that help protect the plants from ______________________. 13. Rabbits that were introduced to Australia in the 1850s multiplied so rapidly because they had no ______________________. 14. The entire range of conditions an organism can tolerate is its ______________________ ______________________. 15. Back-and-forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting members of an ecosystem are called ______________________. 16. When sea stars are kept out of their coastal communities, the population of mussels in the ecosystem ______________________. 17. One important part of a population model is the ______________________ ______________________. 18. Density-independent factors are variables that affect a population regardless of the population ______________________. 19. An important competition among plants is for the abiotic factor of ______________________. Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided. 20. Explain how the plant toxins in milkweed benefit monarch butterflies. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 20 Populations and Communities Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Test Prep Pretest continued 21. Explain how predation, competition, and biodiversity are related. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 22. Explain how several species of warblers that consume insects in spruce trees can occupy the same tree without competition. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 23. What are two possible outcomes of competition? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 21 Populations and Communities Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Test Prep Pretest continued Questions 24–25 refer to the figure below, which shows a growth pattern of a population. Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided. 24. What population growth model does this graph illustrate? _______________________________________________________________ 25. Describe the changes in the line of the graph, and explain what causes the changes. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 22 Populations and Communities Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Answer Key: Test Prep Pretest 1. c 2. d 3. a 4. c 5. b 6. a 7. c 8. c 9. a 10. d 11. parasites 12. predation, predators, or herbivores 13. competitors, competition, or predators 14. fundamental niche 15. coevolution 16. increases 17. growth rate 18. density 19. sunlight 20. Monarch caterpillars incorporate the toxins into their own tissues, which makes the butterflies toxic to bird predators. 21. Predation can reduce the effects of competition among species. When an aggressive species is controlled by predation, it allows other species to live in the environment, increasing biodiversity. 22. Competitive warblers divide the resources in spruce trees, with each species feeding in a different part of the tree. This eliminates competition. 23. Competition can result in competitive exclusion of a species, or it can lead to the division of resources. 24. logistic growth 25. The graph line indicates that the growth of a population starts slowly, then increases rapidly as more individuals are added to the population. The line eventually levels off when the population size reaches the environment’s carrying capacity, due to limiting factors. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 23 Populations and Communities