Download NOTES ON ORGANISMS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

NOTES ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
- CO2 + H2O >>>> (in the presence of light) C6H12O6 + O2
- Process by which plants and other green organisms trap energy from sunlight with
chlorophyll and use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple
sugars; the two parts of photosynthesis are the light-dependent (change light into
energy) reactions and the light-independent (produce sugars) reactions
- Food is synthesized in the form of glucose (C6H12O6)
- Energy from sun is stored within the bonds of the glucose
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) is taken in (removed from the atmosphere)
- Oxygen (O2) is given off (released to the environment)
- Produces other sugars from the breakdown of PGAL
- Requires light to perform photosynthesis
** Plants can carry out respiration to obtain energy when light is not available, by
using their mitochondria to break down glucose that is stored within the leaves.
- Occurs only in the presence of chlorophyll / chloroplasts
RESPIRATION
- O2 + C6H12O6 >>>> H2O + CO2 + ATP
- Chemical process where mitochondria break down food molecules to produce
ATP; the three stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis (break down glucose,
anaerobic), the citric acid cycle (break down glucose and produce energy in the
form of ATP), and the electron transport chain (produces water and releases
energy)
- Food (glucose – C6H12O6) is broken down
- Energy of glucose is released when glucose bonds are broken
- Oxygen (O2) is taken in (through breathing and osmosis into bloodstream)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) is given off (released to the environment through
breathing)
- Produces Carbon dioxide and Water
- Does not require light
- Occurs in ALL living cells
SIMILARITIES
- Use electron carriers and a cycle of chemical reactions to form ATP
- Use electron transport chains
- Occur in living cells