Download Unit 6 Study Guide

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Unit 6: Crisis, Civil War, and Reconstruction Study Guide
Essential Questions:
14. Who was elected president in 1856?
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Could the Civil War have been avoided? Why or why not?
What are the effects of total war?
How did westward expansion increase sectional tensions between the North and South from 18201850?
20. Which state was the first to secede following Abraham Lincoln’s electoral victory?
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How did the relationship between the North and South become “irreconcilable” from 1856 to 1860?
21. Who was elected President of the Confederate States of America?
What obligations do all citizens have during war?
What is the proper balance between national supremacy and states' rights?
What happens when compromise cannot be reached?
How does war change daily life?
How can conflict be resolved?
How have women and minorities contributed to war efforts?
What are the lasting impacts of war?
What is the proper balance of retribution and rehabilitation after a war?
What factors led to the outbreak of Civil War (1861-1865)?
What were the various plans to bring Southern states back into the Union and
to protect newly emancipated slaves?
1.
Which section of the United States opposed the passage of the Wilmot Proviso in 1846?
2.
Define secession:
3.
The Compromise of 1850 would allow the admission of which state?
4.
The Compromise of 1850 allowed for the passage of a new federal law which was an attempt
to please the South – which law?
5.
Define popular sovereignty:
6.
What was the function of the Underground Railroad and who was Harriet Tubman?
7.
What was Harriet Beecher Stowe’s contribution to the abolitionist movement?
8.
Which act of Congress repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and replaced it with
popular sovereignty in the territories of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36 30?
9.
Why did the Territory of Kansas have two governments?
15. Who was Dred Scott?
16. Why did the Supreme Court rule the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional as a result of
the Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) decision?
17. How did the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858 bring national attention to Lincoln?
18. What was the impact in the North and the South after John Brown was hanged in 1859?
19. Who were the major candidates for president in 1860?
Northern Democrat: ____________________ Southern Democrat: ____________________
Republican: ____________________ Constitutional – Union: ____________________
22. Which four Southern states seceded after the bombardment of Fort Sumter?
23. Which four slave states remained in the Union throughout the war?
24. What four advantages did the Union enjoy over the Confederacy?
25. The Southern strategy at the beginning of the Civil War was to fight what type of
strategy?
26. The first major battle of the Civil War (a Southern victory) was:
27. The commander of the Army of the Potomac following the defeat at Bull Run was:
28. What position did Great Britain take towards the fighting in America during the Civil
War?
29. Why did President Lincoln’s “Emancipation Proclamation” not immediately free any
slaves?
30. Who were the “Copperheads?”
10. Why were five men murdered at Pottawatomie?
31. Why did “draft riots” take place in New York in 1863?
11. What issue divided the Whig Party, eventually causing its destruction?
32. By the end of the Civil War, what percentage of the Union Army was African
American?
12. What was the major goal of the Know-Nothing Party?
13. Why did the Republican Party form in 1854?
33. Why did the Confederacy face a food shortage during the Civil War?
34. What impact did the Civil War have on the economy of the North?
57. How did white Democrats win control of Mississippi, Florida, South Carolina and
Louisiana?
35. What 1863 Union victory is often called “the turning point of the Civil War?”
58. Who was President during the Credit Mobilier and Whiskey Ring scandals?
36. Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg an important battle?
59. How did Rutherford Hayes election bring an end to Reconstruction?
37. What as the importance of the “Gettysburg Address”?
38. Who was given command of all Union forces in March 1864?
39. Why was General Sherman’s army so harsh as it marched through South Carolina?
40. Where did Lee surrender to Grant?
41. About how many Americans (Union and Confederate) died as a result of the Civil War?
42. Which Constitutional amendment abolished slavery?
43. How long did President Lincoln have to enjoy the Union victory before he was
assassinated?
44. What was the goal of Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan of Reconstruction?
45. Who were the Radical Republicans in Congress during the Reconstruction Era?
46. Name 2 ways the Freedman’s Bureau offered assistance to slaves after the Civil War
47. Why did Andrew Johnson veto the Freedmen’s Bureau and the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
48. What protection did the Fourteenth Amendment offer to African Americans during
Reconstruction?
49. Why did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 split the former Confederacy into military
districts?
50. Why was President Andrew Johnson impeached by Congress?
51. What protection did the Fifteenth Amendment offer to African Americans during
Reconstruction?
52. Who were the “scalawags?” Who were the “Carpetbaggers?”
53. Who made up the largest group of Southern Republicans during Reconstruction?
54. Why was illiteracy at such a high percentage among African Americans at the end of the
Civil War?
55. What was sharecropping?
56. What was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?
60. How did poll taxes discriminate against African Americans in the years after the Civil
War?
61. Explain how Southern whites used grandfather clauses to protect whites and
discriminate against blacks.
62. What was the purpose of Jim Crow laws in the South?
63. How did the Supreme Court rule in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and how did this case
impact blacks?
64. What is lynching?
65. How were blacks and minorities discriminated outside the South (in the West and
North)?