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Eye Herpes (Ocular Herpes) Is caused by the type 1 herpes simplex virus. It is a common and recurring condition that affects the eyes and may affect an estimated 400,000 Americans, with 50,000 new and recurring cases reported each year. This type of herpes is known to cause inflammation and scarring of the cornea which forms cold sore on the eye. Herpes of the eye can be transmitted through close contact with an infected person with an active virus, or through self contact and contamination infection (such as a cold sore of the lip). Although the virus can remain dormant for years, an outbreak may occur and is often associated with factors such stress fever, sunburn, major dental or surgical procedures and trauma. Once the initial outbreak occurs, the NEI says untreated eye herpes has about a 40-50 percent chance of returning. There is no specific time frame for ocular herpes to reappear; it could be several weeks or even several years following the original occurrence. Although symptoms usually present themselves in only one eye, the virus possibly could affect the other eye as well. Types of Eye Herpes The different types of Eye Herpes include that range from a simple infection to a condition that can possibly cause blindness include: Herpes keratitis which is the most common form of eye herpes and causes a viral corneal infection. Stromal keratitis causes the infection to go deeper into the layers of the cornea. This can lead to scarring, loss of vision and, occasionally, blindness. Iridocyclitis is a serious form of eye herpes where the iris and surrounding tissues inside the eye become inflamed, causing severe sensitivity to light, blurred vision, pain and redness. Iridocyclitis is a type of uvietis that affects the more frontal eye, it is known as herpes retinitis. Eye Herpes Symptoms and Signs Various signs and symptoms of ocular herpes outbreak include: inflammation of the cornea, which can cause an irritation or sudden and severe ocular pain or blurred vision; swelling around the eyes; eye redness; and water discharge. Eye Herpes Treatment Treatment for eye herpes depends on where the infection is located in the eye. Some ocular herpes treatments could aggravate the outbreak and therefore should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Superficial infections can usually be alleviated by using antiviral eye drops, ointments, or oral antiviral pills. Zirgan (Sirion Therapeutics, Tampa, Fla.) was approved by the FDA in late 2009 as a topical antiviral treatment for eye herpes. The treatment (ganciclovir ophthalmic gel, 0.15 percent), which became commercially available in the United States in late April 2010, requires putting eye drops in the eye five times a day until the related corneal ulcer heals. References: Ocular Herpes (Eye Herpes). Hcsupportnetwork. Retrieved June 20, 2011 from http://www.herpes-coldsores.com/ocular_herpes. htm Ocular Herpes, Eye Herpes OR Herpes Eye Infections. Retrieved June 20, 2011 from http://yoshi2me.com/herpes/ocular-herpes.html Wang, Jim C., MD, Hampton, Roy Sr., MD et. Al, Opthalmologic Manifestations of Herpes Simplex Keratitis, Retrieved from http://www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/119 4268-overview Ocular Herpes Retrieved June 20, 2011 from http://www.ocularherpes.net/ Eyefacts. Retrievedd June 20, 2011 from http://www.uic.edu/com/eye/Learningaboutvisio n/eyefacts/ocularherpessimplex.shtml