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MEANINGS OF WORD ROOTS, PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES USED IN BIOLOGY
ROOT/PREFIX/SUFFIX MEANING
EXAMPLE
a , an
Without, opposite
anemia
Ab
away
abnormal
Ad, af
Near, toward
Adrenal, afferent
Alb
White
Albumin
Algia
Pain
neutalgia
Amphi
Both
amphibious
Anti
Against
antitoxin
Aqua
Water
aquatic
Archae
Anchient
archaeopteryx
Arthr
Joint
arthritis
Ase
Enzyme
lipase
astro
Star
astronomy
Auto
Self
autobiography
Bi
Two
biceps
Bio
Life
Biology
Blast
That which will
blastula
germinate
Brachi
Arm
brachial
Card
Heart
carditis
Carn
Flesh
carnal
Caryo
Nucleus of a cell
eucaryote
Cephalo
Head
cephalothorax
cervic
neck
cervix
Chloro
Green
chloroplast
Chondr
Cartiliage
chondrichthyes
Chromo
Colour
chromosome
Ci
double
Cide
Kill
bactericide
Coel
Cavity
coelom
Com, con
With
community
Costa
Rib
intercostal
Cyst
Capsule
nematocyst
Cyto, cyte
Cell
leukocyte
Decid
To cut off
deciduous
Dendr
Tree
dendrite
Dent, don’t
Derm
di
Dis, dys
Eco
Echino
Ecto
Ectomy
Emia
Endo
Enter
Epi
Erythro
Eu
Evolve
Ex
Fer
Gastro
Gen
Gymno
Hemi
Hemo
Herb
Hepato
Hetero
Homo, homeo
Hyper
Hypo
Ia, iasis
Ichthys
Inter
Intra
Iso
Itis
Kin
Lac
Leuco, leuko
Tooth
Skin
two
Ill or bad
Household
spiny
Outer
Removal
blood
Inner
Intestine
On, at, beside
Red
True
To roll, to turn over
Out
Bearer
Stomach
Producing
Naked
Half
Blood
Non-woody plant
Liver
Other
Same
Above, excessive
Below, not enough
Disease
Fish
Between
Within
Same
Inflammation of
Motion
Milk
White
Denture, othrodontist
epidermis
diatomic
disease
Ecology
Ectoderm
Appendectomy
Aneimia
Endoderm
Enetic
Epidermis
erythrocyte
Eukaryote
Evolution
Exterior
Rotifer
Gastric juice
Antigen
Gymnosperm
Hemisphere
Hemoglobin
herbarium
Hepatic duct
Heterosexual
homogeneous
hyperacidity
hypothyroidism
pneumonia
Ichthyology
interspecies
Intraspecies
Isoptera
appedicitis
Cytokinsis
Lactose
Leukocyte
Logy
Lupo
Lysis
Macro
Mal
Mega
Meso
Meta
Micro
Mito
Mono
Morpho
Myo
Nema
Neo
Nephr
Neuro
Oma
Omni
Ophth
Orni
Ortho
Osis
Osteo
Oto
Ovi, oo
Para
Patho
Ped, pod
Peri
Phago
Pheno
Photo
Phyll
Phyto
Pino
Proto
Study of
Wolf
Dissolving
Large
Bad
Very large
Middle
Beyond or after
Small
Thread
One
Shape, form
Muscle
Thread
New
Kidney
Nerve
Tumor or swelling
All
Eye
Bird
Straight
Act, condition
Bone
Ear
Egg
Beside
Disease
Foot
Around
Eating
To show
Light
Leaf
Plant
To drink
First
Biology
Lupus
Cytolysis
Macronucleus
Malnutrition
Megaspore
Mesophyll
Metamorphosis
Microbe
Mitochondrion
Monoculture
Morphology
Myofibril
Nematocyst
Neophyte
Nephritis
Neurology
sarcoma
omnivore
ophtalmology
ornithology
orthoptera
acidosis
osteopath
otosis
Oviduct, oocyte
parathyroid
pathology
milliped
pericardium
phagocyte
phenotype
Photograph
mesophyll
Saprophyte
Pinocytosis
Protozoa
Pseudo
Pter
Pulmo
Pyrro
Renal
Rhea, rrhea
Rhino
Sal
Sclera
Soma
Stom
Sym, syn
Therm
Tracheo
Trop
Troph
Viv
Vore
False
Wing
Lung
Fire
Kidney
Flow or discharge
Nose
Salt
Hard
Body
Mouth
Binding together
Heat
Tube
Turn
Nourishment
Living
To devour
Pseudopod
Diptera
Pulmonary
Pyrotechnics
Adrenal glands
Diarrhea
Rhinoceros
Saline
Arteriosclerosis
Chromosomes
Stomata
Sympathy
Thermometer
treachea
Phototropic
Autotrophic
Viviparous
carnivore