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Name: ________________ Class: _________ Date: _______________ Excretory System Booklet (ANSWER KEY – answers are in italics) 1. a) Using the diagram below, complete the following: □ Color the AORTA/RENAL ARTERY red □ Color the INFERIOR VENA CAVA/RENAL VEIN blue □ Color each KIDNEY brown □ Color the URINARY BLADDER yellow □ Color the URETHRA green □ Label the aorta, inferior vena cava, renal artery, renal vein, kidneys, urinary bladder and urethra b) Describe the function of and underline (using the color you used for the diagram) the following terms: Aorta/Renal Artery: carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidneys Inferior Vena Cava/Renal Vein: carries deoxygenated blood from the kidneys to the heart Kidney: helps filter the blood to remove wastes from the body, balances blood pH and helps to maintain water balance Urinary Bladder: muscular organ that stores urine Urethra: a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body 1 Name: ________________ Class: _________ Date: _______________ 2. a) Using the diagram below, complete the following: □ Color the CORTEX purple □ Color the MEDULLA orange □ Color the RENAL PELVIS pink □ Color the URETER green □ Label the cortex, medulla, renal pelvis and ureter. b) Define and underline (using the color you used for the diagram) the following terms: Cortex: outer portion of the kidney Medulla: inner portion of the kidney Renal Pelvis: cavity at base of each kidney; receives urine from collecting duct system and empties it into ureter Ureter: tube that connects the kidney to the bladder; transports urine 2 Name: ________________ Class: _________ Date: _______________ 3. a) Using the diagram below, complete the following: □ Color the GLOMERULUS red □ Color the BOWMAN’S CAPSULE orange □ Color the PROXIMAL TUBULE green □ Color the LOOP OF HENLE purple □ Color the DISTAL TUBULE brown □ Color the COLLECTING DUCT yellow □ Label the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct b) Describe the function of and underline (using the color you used for the diagram) the following terms: Glomerulus: a high-pressure capillary bed that is the site of blood filtration Bowman’s Capsule: a cuplike structure that surrounds the glomerulus; receives filtered fluids from the glomerulus Peritubular Capillaries: a network of small blood vessels that surround the nephron 3 Name: ________________ Class: _________ Date: _______________ Proximal Tubule: section of the nephron joining Bowman’s capsule with the loop of Henle; found within the cortex of the kidney Loop of Henle: carries the filtrate from the proximal tubule to the distal tubule Distal Tubule: conducts urine from the loop of Henle to the collecting duct Collecting Duct: receives urine from a number of nephrons and carries urine to the renal pelvis 4. Using the diagram below to help answer the following questions. a) Consider the formula : amount excreted = amount filtered + amount secreted – amount reabsorbed Using blue, draw arrows on the diagram below to represent renal (kidney) handling of a hypothetical filtered substance “X” which is filtered and secreted BUT NOT reabsorbed *HINT: Not all of the substance is filtered, but all of it is secreted. 4 Name: ________________ Class: _________ Date: _______________ b) Using green, draw arrows on the diagram below to represent renal (kidney) handling of a hypothetical filtered substance “Y” which is filtered and a fraction is then reabsorbed. *HINT: Only a portion of the substance is filtered, and then only a fraction is reabsorbed. c) Using purple, draw arrows on the diagram below to represent renal (kidney) handling of a hypothetical filtered substance “Z” which is filtered and completely reabsorbed. *HINT: Only a portion of the substance is filtered, but all of the substance is reabsorbed. d) What is an example of each substances “X”, “Y”, and “Z” ? “X” urea, “Y” salt, “Z” sugar (glucose) 5