Download Muscular System Practice Test File

Anatomy Test
Muscular System
Form 1
Objective 1: Students will be able to describe the microscopic structure of a muscle,
including the arrangement of the sarcomere.
1.
2.
3.
4.
9/9 = A
The connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle is called ______________. 8/9 = B
NY
The basic structural and functional unit of muscle that is able to contract and
produce force is called a _________________________________.
A bundle of muscle fibers is called a ___________________________________.
Label the following on the sarcomere: myosin, actin, H –zone, I-band, A-band, Z
disk.
Objective 2: Students will be able to describe the events that result in muscle
contraction and relaxation in response to an action potential in a motor neuron.
1. When a muscle cell/fiber is depolarized, the charge inside of the cell is _____. 18/20 = A
2. The term that describes where the neuron and muscle fiber meet is called the 16/20 = B
_________________________.
NY
3. The _____________________ is the theory of how muscles contract.
4. The space between the axon of the motor neuron and the sarcolemma is called the
________________________.
5. ______________________ is the neurotransmitter involved in skeletal muscle
contraction.
6. When the neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic membrane, ____________
channels open.
7. _________________ filaments do the pulling during muscle contraction.
8. Calcium binds to __________________, which is found on the _____________
filament.
9. A _____________________ is a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it
innervates.
10. ________________________ is when the muscle stays in contraction phase
because the neurons are firing so quickly that there is no time to transport calcium
back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
11. Explain what needs to happen in order to reach maximum force of a muscle.
12. (+2)Define recruitment and explain why it is important.
13. (+6)Demonstrate your knowledge of muscle contraction by creating a flow-chart,
a diagram, or explaining. Start at the presynaptic terminal, include the creation of
an action potential, and end with the parts of the sarcomere.
Objective 3: Students will be able to distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic
muscle contraction.
1. _________________ respiration/muscle contraction requires oxygen.
2. _________________respiration/muscle contraction produces lactic acid.
3. Oxygen debt is associated with _________________ respiration.
8/8 = A
7/8 = B
NY
4. Define oxygen debt.
5. __________________ is when there is no ATP available, and the muscles cannot
continue to contract, consequently, “hitting the wall.” Lactic acid builds up faster
than it can be removed.
6. Describe rigor mortis.
7. _________________ involves the nervous system more so than the muscles
themselves. The individual perceives that they cannot continue, even though
physiologically the muscles are still capable of contracting.
8. __________________ is a sign that a person is experiencing oxygen debt.
Objective 4: Students will be able to distinguish between fast-twitch and slowtwitch muscles and explain the function for which each type is best adapted.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
These type of muscle fibers contract quickly but fatigue rapidly.
These type of muscle fibers are most active in a 50 yard dash.
These type of muscle fibers tire slowly and are adapted to aerobic respiration.
These type of muscle fibers are adapted to anaerobic respiration.
These type of muscle fibers are mostly active during a 5 mile run.
5/5 = A
4/5 = B
NY
Objective 5: Students will be able to define the following terms and give an example
of each: origin, insertion, synergist, antagonist, and prime mover.
12/13 = A
11/13 = B
A muscle working opposite to another muscle is called a ___________________. NY
The most stationary end of the muscle where the muscle starts is called the _____.
Muscles that work together to produce a movement are called _______________.
The antagonistic muscle to the biceps are the ____________________________.
List 3 muscles that are synergistic in flexing the forearm.
The ______________ is the end of the muscle attached to bone through a tendon
undergoing the greatest movement.
7. The brachialis is the ________________ in flexing the forearm.
8. The antagonistic muscle/s to the hamstrings are the ________________________.
9. Doing a bicep curl, the contraction on the way up is a ___________________
contraction, whereas on the way down it would be a ___________________
contraction.
10. Doing a plank to work the abdominal muscles or simply holding your legs straight
out without moving them to work the abdominal muscles would be an example of
what type of contraction?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Objective 6: Students will be able to describe the muscles of the trunk and the
actions they accomplish.
1. The _______________ muscle is what we refer to as the “six-pack.”
2. The _______________ is a chest muscle that adducts, flexes, and extends the
arm.
3. The ______________ is a muscle on the posterior side of the body and it rotates
the scapula. This muscle originates on the skull and vertebrae and is sort of
diamond shaped.
4. The ____________ is known as the “swimmers muscle” on the posterior side of
the trunk. This muscle extends, medially rotates, and adducts the arm.
5. Give one action of the abdominal muscle group.
5/5 = A
4/5 = B
NY
Objective 7: Students will be able to describe the movements of the arm, forearm,
and hand and list the muscle groups involved in each movement.
5/5 = A
1. What action does the brachialis perform?
4/5 = B
2. What action do the triceps perform?
NY
3. What muscle supinates the forearm?
4. What action do the biceps perform?
5. This muscle originates on the humerus, inserts on the radius, and flexes the
forearm.
Objective 8: Describe the movements of the thigh, leg, and foot and list the muscle
groups involved in each movement.
11/11 = A
1. This muscle is the most medial of the quadriceps.
10/11 = B
2. This muscle is known as the calf muscle.
NY
3. This muscle is the most lateral of the quadriceps.
4. The group of muscles on the posterior thigh are called the __________________.
5. This muscle is the topmost of the quadriceps on the front of the thigh.
6. This muscle is a hamstring muscle that originates on the lateral side of the thigh
and inserts on the medial.
7. Name the three hamstring muscles.
8. This muscle is located beneath the calf muscle and plantar flexes the foot.
9. Name the muscle that dorsiflexes the foot.