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Download Quiz #4 – The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Stars
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Chapter 28 – Stars and Galaxies – Study Guide Name _______________________ Earth Science 1. The elements of the sun can be identified using a _____________________. 2. Most stars are composed mainly of _____________ and _________________. 3. If a star’s spectral lines are shifted towards the red end of the spectrum, then the star is moving _____________ the Earth. 4. Objects moving closer to the Earth, shift the spectrum to the ______________ end. 5. The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be separated into colors of the rainbow is ____________. 6. The unit most used by astronomers to express the distance to other galaxies is a _____________. 7. All electromagnetic radiation travels and a speed of ________________ km/sec. 8. Put the types of E.M.R. in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength Long wavelength short wavelength 9. Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength? ________________ 10. Which type has the lowest frequency? _____________________ 11. The color of the hottest stars is _________. 12. Any hot, bright sphere of gas like the sun is called a _________. 13. The brightness of a star as we view it from Earth is the star’s ________________ magnitude. 14. Galaxies are classified by their __________________. 15. Name the three types of galaxies ______________ 16. What is the most accepted theory for the origin of the universe? ______________________ 17. Who came up with evidence for the Big Bang Theory? ____________________ 18. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way galaxy? _____________________ 19. A _____________ is a group of 100’s of billions of stars. 20. The late phase(stage) for a small mass star is a ________________________. ______________ ________________ 21. _____________________ is the “fuel” of the sun. 22. By using a ____________________ astronomers can identify the elements in a star. 23. On an H-R Diagram, stars are classified by On an H-R Diagram, stars are classified by ___________________and ___________________. 24. What is the next stage of the sun? _______________________ 25. Two stars that are in close orbit around each other are called ___________ binary stars. 26. _____________________ stars are very faint, Earth-sized stars. 27. A _________________ is a star in which matter is continually condensed and no light escapes. 28. The ______________ magnitude is a measurement that allows scientists to compare the true brightness of stars. 29. A star that changes brightness over regular periods of time is called a _________________ star, 30. A______________________ is a type of variable star that can be used to measure distances in space. 31. A stellar nebula is composed of ___________ and ____________. 32. The ___________________ will determine the evolutionary course a star will take. 33. The sun is a __________________________ star. 34. The explosion of a massive star at the end of its life is called a _____________________. 35. The process that occurs when atoms combine to form a new element and release energy is called _________________. 36. The first stage in the life cycle of a star is called a ___________________. 37. Rapidly spinning neutron stars are called _________________. 38. ____________ is the main component of most stars. 39. The sun will continue to fuse hydrogen into helium for another _____________ years. 40. Which star will appear brighter in the night sky, a star with an apparent magnitude of 0 or a star with an apparent magnitude of +1? ________________ 41. At the present time most astronomers agree that the universe is _________________. 42. The further away a galaxy is from us the (faster/slower) it is moving. Use the diagram to answer the following questions 43. Name the two brightest stars. ________________________________ 44. Which star is hotter, Vega or Capella? _____________________ 45. Which group of stars is the dimmest? _____________________ 46. What group of stars does Arcturus belong to? _____________________ 47. At which position in the diagram would we find our solar system? ____________________ 48. What type of galaxy is shown below? _________________________