Download Chapter 23 the early Tracheophytes

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Objectives Chapter #23
Chapter 23 the early Tracheophytes
OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
■ List the traits that all true fungi share. Explain why some organisms commonly called
fungi are excluded
from the kingdom fungi.
■ Describe the general structure of the fungal body. Contrast mycelial forms of fungi
with yeast forms.
Define the terms “chitin,” “mycelium,” “septate hypha,” and “nonseptate hypha.”
Explain the dimorphism
that occurs in certain fungi.
■ Describe how fungi obtain their energy and nutrients. Distinguish between saprobes
and parasites, and
give examples of each. Explain how the feeding process in fungi automatically leads to
growth. Describe
the mutualistic associations that exist between fungi and other organisms. Explain how
each partner
benefits.
■ Appreciate the ecological roles fungi play as decomposers and recyclers in our
ecosystem. Explain why
fungi are able to compete effectively with bacteria in these roles.
■ Discuss fungal reproductive strategies. Distinguish between asexual and sexual
reproductiion and the
spore types produced. Describe the special structures and fruiting bodies where spores
are produced.
Explain different mechanisms of spore dispersal.
■ Discuss the role of cladistics in discovering the probable evolutionary relationships
among fungal phyla.
Distinguish between the grades of true fungi. List the major characteristics of each
phylum and recognize
representative members.
■ Discuss and give examples of how fungi are economically, medicinally, and geneticaly
important to man
■ Define all boldface terms.