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INTEGRATED SAFEGUARDS DATASHEET
APPRAISAL STAGE
I. Basic Information
Date prepared/updated: 11/21/2005
Report No.: AC1084
1. Basic Project Data
Country: Kiribati
Project ID: P089326
Project Name: Adaptation Program Phase II - Pilot Implementation Phase (KAP II)
Task Team Leader: Idah Z. Pswarayi-Riddihou
GEF Focal Area: Climate change
Global Supplemental ID:
Estimated Appraisal Date: December 15,
Estimated Board Date: April 5, 2006
2005
Managing Unit: EASRD
Lending Instrument: Specific Investment
Loan
Sector: General water, sanitation and flood protection sector (60%);General public
administration sector (25%);General agriculture, fishing and forestry sector (15%)
Theme: Vulnerability assessment and monitoring (P);Climate change (P);Natural
disaster management (P);Other environment and natural resources management (P)
IBRD Amount (US$m.):
0.00
IDA Amount (US$m.):
0.00
GEF Amount (US$m.):
1.80
PCF Amount (US$m.):
0.00
Other financing amounts by source:
BORROWER/RECIPIENT
2.29
AUSTRALIA: AUSTRALIAN AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
1.49
NEW ZEALAND, GOV. OF (EXCEPT FOR MIN. OF FOR. AFFAIRS) 1.02
4.80
Environmental Category: B - Partial Assessment
Simplified Processing
Simple []
Repeater []
Is this project processed under OP 8.50 (Emergency Recovery)
Yes [ ]
No [X]
2. Project Objectives
The key objective of the proposed Pilot Implementation Phase of KAP (KAP-II) is to
develop and demonstrate the systematic diagnosis of climate-related problems and the
design of cost-effective adaptation measures, while continuing the integration of climate
risk awareness and responsiveness into economic and operational planning.
The global environmental objective of the KAP-II is to assist the GoK in enhancing its
capacity to plan and implement adaptation measures to the climate-related issues facing
the country, which will also reduce the detrimental impacts of climate change on the
fragile atoll ecosystems of Kiribati.
3. Project Description
KAP-II aims to change the way Kiribati handles its planning and implementation of
regular activities so that they better take account of climate risks. This requires
progressive reinforcement of adaptation-related programs in the national
Government’s budget and sectoral plans, in combination with a process of
participatory adaptation, involving island councils, NGOs, churches, communities, and
individuals. The priority adaptation investments supported by KAP-II will not only
provide immediate results in terms of reduced vulnerability, but will also help to
demonstrate and promote a climate risk aware approach to planning and design of such
activities. After KAP-II, these activities will be expanded as part of a continued
adaptation program, both in scope and in terms of addressing additional sectors.
Component 1: Policy, planning, and information (US$ 1.4 million). This component
supports three core elements of all adaptation efforts in Kiribati. The first element is
awareness raising and consultation, including technical assistance to review and redesign
frameworks and processes for participation and awareness at national and local level;
two-yearly national consultations; regular adaptation-related participatory events; a
newsletter, media releases, educational material; and an annual survey on public attitudes
and awareness. The second element is policy coordination and planning, including
technical assistance for the new National Strategic Risk Management Unit in the Office
of Te Beretitenti; capacity building in Integrated Coastal Zone Management among key
government staff; continued mainstreaming into Ministry Operational Plans; and
integration of adaptation into population and resettlement programs. The third element is
to generate scientific climate risk information and refurbish the capacity of the
Meteorological Office with new equipment and training of staff.
Component 2: Land use, physical structures, and ecosystems (US$ 2.1 million). This
component will contribute to reducing the vulnerability of the coastline including key
public assets and ecosystems, shifting the coastal management practice from a reactive,
single technique approach to repairing damage as it occurs, to a preventative and more
technically varied risk mitigation strategy, including more attention for environmental
sustainability. More specifically, the component would support technical assistance,
workshops, and awareness materials for the development and application of improved
risk diagnosis and response methods, and improvements in planning and permitting
processes to guide coastal zone activities, including regulatory adjustments, awareness
raising and enforcement, and economic and environmental monitoring. Secondly, the
component will produce design and construction guidelines, and apply them by
implementing protective measures at a sample of public assets that are at risk, including
the national hospital and vulnerable coastal areas. Thirdly, the component includes
monitoring and pilot activities to protect and restore coastal ecosystems and biodiversity
affected by climate change, climate variability and sea level rise, including the
detrimental effects of current adaptation practices.
Component 3: Freshwater resources (US$ 2.1 million). This component includes the
development and management of freshwater resources to reduce their vulnerability to
climate variability and climate change. It will provide support for technical assistance,
awareness materials, and workshops to update the national water policy, improve water
resource management, and revise building codes to enhance opportunities for rainwater
catchment and storage. Given that water management problems are most acute on the
central island, Tarawa, the component will also support the preparation of a master plan
for water resources on Tarawa, as well as the implementation of pilot projects to identify
and increase water resources in freshwater lenses; rainwater collection and storage
systems at government and community buildings; and a public awareness and education
campaign to change user attitudes. On the outer islands, the component will support
water resource assessments as well as physical improvements in the water supply system
in selected locations, and technical assistance to review the feasiblility of non-polluting
sanitation systems. Finally, the component will establish an outer island household loan
scheme for roof catchment and sanitation.
Component 4: Capacity at island and community level (US$ 0.55 million). This
component will provide technical assistance to the Ministry of Internal and Social Affairs
(MISA) to include adaptation in the Outer Island Profiles, and training on climate risk
management for local governments. Furthermore, it will finance a pilot program of smallscale adaptation investments in two selected outer islands, identified through
participatory planning and implemented directly by communities.
Component 5: Program management (US$ 0.38 million). This project component will
provide overall support to the project, including program management, accounting,
procurement, and running costs of the Program Management Unit. It will also support the
evaluation of KAP-II in view of the design of the next phase of GoK adaptation efforts.
4. Project Location and salient physical characteristics relevant to the safeguard
analysis
The project would take place in the Republic of Kiribati, an extremely isolated nation of
approximately 98,000 inhabitants spread over 33 islands covering an area of ocean 2,000
km north to south and 4,000 km east to west. As a country consisting primarily of small
coral atolls, Kiribati is one of the countries most threatened by rising sea levels and
climate change. In the absence of adaptation measures, a recent Bank-funded study
estimated that Kiribati could suffer damages equivalent to 17 to 34 percent of the 1998
GDP. The main impacts are likely to be periodic inundation of atoll islands due to rising
sea levels (compounded by storm surges), health and agriculture impacts due to more
intense droughts and floods, and loss of revenue from offshore fisheries as tuna stocks
move westward. The proposed project would help the Government of Kiribati in adopting
risk minimization strategies and prioritizing adaptation options to handle climate change
impacts.
There are no particular critical natural habitats in Kiribati; however, the atoll systems
are naturally fragile. Given the extreme isolation of the outer islands; traditional systems
of decision making remain important. The lack of freshwater in many outer islands and
job opportunities is exacerbating problems of overcrowding in the main islands of
Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas).
5. Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialists
Mr Bruce M. Harris (EASSD)
6. Safeguard Policies Triggered
Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01)
Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04)
Forests (OP/BP 4.36)
Pest Management (OP 4.09)
Cultural Property (OPN 11.03)
Indigenous Peoples (OD 4.20)
Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)
Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37)
Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50)
Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP 7.60)
Yes
X
No
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
II. Key Safeguard Policy Issues and Their Management
A. Summary of Key Safeguard Issues
1. Describe any safeguard issues and impacts associated with the proposed project.
Identify and describe any potential large scale, significant and/or irreversible impacts:
The project will have some environmental impacts, but in most cases these impacts are
not likely to be substantial. There is an established regulatory environment in Kiribati
that mandates certain actions in the case of negative environmental impacts. The
Environment Act of 1999 establishes an integrated system of development control,
environmental impact assessment and pollution control. The Minister of Environment,
Lands and Agricultural Development is responsible for the due administration and
implementation of the Act. All development proposals of government ministries, island
councils, private developers and non-government organizations must undergo the
environmental screening procedures of the Environment and Conservation Division
(ECD) as stipulated in the Environment Regulations 2001. The screening procedure
requires all project proponents to apply for a permit to carry out a prescribed
development. The application form will be reviewed by ECD to determine whether the
proposal requires an initial environmental examination (IEE) or an EIS (a comprehensive
EIA study). The EIA procedure allows for the project proponent to conduct its own EIA
study and implement the ECD approved environmental management plan of project
activities. The ECD would also provide monitoring measures for the proponent to
implement and for which National Environment Inspectors would closely monitor
environmental compliance of the project. Project activities in an outer island would
undergo the same environmental screening system. The Implementation, management
and monitoring of the local project would be supervised by the Island Council, with
possible assistance from ECD.
All subprojects under the small-scale adaptation investments on the outer islands, as
well as any major activity under component 2 and 3 will undergo environmental
screening to determine the likely level of environmental impact. Activities will be
categorized in a way consistent with Bank OD4.01.
The process of decision-making in adaptation has already progressed considerably under
the preparation phase of the project through a series of comprehensive national and local
consultations and the achievement of a national consensus on the prioritization of
adaptation options. A social assessment has been conducted which has identified the
major areas of vulnerability on different kinds of islands (atoll and non-atoll, islands in
different climatic zones, etc.) and potential adaptive strategies to address those
vulnerabilities. The social assessment has also identified decision-making mechanisms at
the local, island and national levels which can be used to address, inter alia, safeguards
issues.
Population relocation within Kiribati (and possible migration to neighboring countries)
is a long term solution, and will very likely fall outside the lifetime and scope of KAP II.
In the unlikely case that population relocation would need to be considered during the
project (due to a major disaster), the provisions of a Land Acquisition and Resettlement
Policy Framework, developed under the project, would apply.
2. Describe any potential indirect and/or long term impacts due to anticipated future
activities in the project area:
No negative impacts anticipated
3. Describe any project alternatives (if relevant) considered to help avoid or minimize
adverse impacts.
The main alternative scenario considered was to work exclusively with the Ministry of
Environment, Land and Agriculture Development. However, this was rejected as it
would not promote mainstreaming of adaptation strategies into overall development
planning in the country. Instead, the project is expected to be coordinated by the Office of
the President, and involve key sectoral Ministries involved in adaptation (Environment,
Lands and Agriculture Development; Public Works and Utilities; Fisheries and Marine
Resources Development; Internal and Social Affairs; and Ministry of Line and Phoenix
Islands Development).
4. Describe measures taken by the borrower to address safeguard policy issues. Provide
an assessment of borrower capacity to plan and implement the measures described.
A Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) has examined the environmental issues
that are likely to arise under KAP-II. As many specific investments to be undertaken
under KAP-II have yet to be designed, the SEA provides a general methodology for
environmental screening of policies and plans; the preparation of environmental impact
assessments for various kinds of potential activities, including how best to mitigate any
possible negative consequences; and the monitoring of the implementation of the
recommendations of those EIAs.
In addition, a Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework was developed and
it forms the basis of agreement with government concerning approaches to be taken in the
event land acquisition and/or resettlement becomes necessary during the project
implementation. The approach taken during the preparation phase of the project has
ensured that the safeguard approaches are developed in the context of an overall
adaptation strategy which make sense within the Kiribati context, are genuinely "owned"
by the I-Kiribati, while at the same time meeting Bank requirements.
5. Identify the key stakeholders and describe the mechanisms for consultation and
disclosure on safeguard policies, with an emphasis on potentially affected people.
The key stakeholders are the people of Kiribati, including those at the community level
on individual islands (the unimanwe, or councils of elders, church groups, women's
groups, youth groups, etc.), island level bodies such as Island Councils and councils of
churches, and national level bodies including government, civil society, and the private
sector. The Adaptation Steering Committee includes the Chairman of the Kiribati
Association of NGOs (KANGO), the Chamber of Commerce (representing the private
sector), as well as government officials from key ministries and agencies. The preparation
phase of the project included an iterative process of national and local workshops in key
islands designed to stir national debate and consensus on adaptation options, and how to
best mainstream them into national programs, including Ministry Operational Plans
(MOPs) and the National Development Strategy. This process has institutionalized
expectations of regular exchanges of information, opinions and concerns among all levels
of Kiribati society.
The EA and Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework describes
mechanisms for dealing with environmental and/or social impacts of the project,
including ongoing consultation strategies, grievance procedures, and participation in
decision making processes.
B. Disclosure Requirements Date
Environmental Assessment/Audit/Management Plan/Other:
Date of receipt by the Bank
10/30/2005
Date of "in-country" disclosure
11/30/2005
Date of submission to InfoShop
12/15/2005
For category A projects, date of distributing the Executive
Summary of the EA to the Executive Directors
Resettlement Action Plan/Framework/Policy Process:
Date of receipt by the Bank
10/30/2005
Date of "in-country" disclosure
11/30/2005
Date of submission to InfoShop
12/15/2005
* If the project triggers the Pest Management, Cultural Property and/or the Safety
of Dams policies, the respective issues are to be addressed and disclosed as part of
the Environmental Assessment/Audit/or EMP.
If in-country disclosure of any of the above documents is not expected, please
explain why:
C. Compliance Monitoring Indicators at the Corporate Level (to be filled in when the
ISDS is finalized by the project decision meeting)
OP/BP/GP 4.01 - Environment Assessment
Does the project require a stand-alone EA (including EMP) report?
If yes, then did the Regional Environment Unit review and approve the EA
report?
Are the cost and the accountabilities for the EMP incorporated in the
credit/loan?
OP/BP 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement
Has a resettlement plan, abbreviated plan, or process framework (as
appropriate) been prepared?
If yes, then did the Regional Social Development Unit review and approve
the plan / policy framework / policy process?
BP 17.50 - Public Disclosure
Have relevant safeguard policies documents been sent to the World Bank's
Infoshop?
Have relevant documents been disclosed in-country in a public place in a
form and language that are understandable and accessible to project-affected
groups and local NGOs?
All Safeguard Policies
Have satisfactory calendar, budget and clear institutional responsibilities
been prepared for the implementation of measures related to safeguard
policies?
Have costs related to safeguard policy measures been included in the project
cost?
Does the Monitoring and Evaluation system of the project include the
monitoring of safeguard impacts and measures related to safeguard policies?
Have satisfactory implementation arrangements been agreed with the
borrower and the same been adequately reflected in the project legal
documents?
No
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
D. Approvals
Signed and submitted by:
Task Team Leader:
Environmental Specialist:
Social Development Specialist
Additional Environmental and/or
Social Development Specialist(s):
Name
Ms Idah Z. Pswarayi-Riddihough
Mr Bruce M. Harris
Mr Bruce M. Harris
Approved by:
Regional Safeguards Coordinator:
Comments:
Sector Manager:
Comments:
Mr Glenn S. Morgan
Ms Hoonae Kim
Date