Download 7th Grade Astronomy Study Guide

7th Grade Astronomy Study Guide - Chapters 1 and 2
Completion
Complete each statement.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
doppler effect
red shift
blue shift
1. An effect in which a star or galaxy appears to move quickly away from an observer is called
____________________.
2. A phenomenon in which sound seems to increase or decrease in relation to the direction it is moving is the
____________________.
altitude
ecliptic
declination
constellation
3. The apparent path of the sun across the celestial sphere as seen from Earth is called the
____________________.
4. One can tell how far north or south an object is from the celestial equator by the object’s
____________________.
5. Ursa Minor is an example of a(n) ____________________.
6. The angular distance between a star and the horizon is the star’s____________________.
7. When a star or galaxy appears to move quickly toward an observer, an effect called ____________________
occurs.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Vernal Equinox
b. Light Year
____
____
8. the sun’s location on the first day of spring
9. the distance that light travels in one year
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. Galileo Gallilei
e. Copernicus
b. Tycho Brahe
f. Edwin Hubble
c. Johannes Kepler
g. Ptolemy
d. Sir Isaac Newton
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
proved the existence of galaxies other than the Milky Way
developed a theory of an Earth-centered universe in 140 CE
was one of the first persons to use a telescope to observe celestial bodies
used a mural quadrant to measure the positions of planets and stars
stated that planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun
developed a theory of a sun-centered universe
showed that planets and moons stay in orbit due to gravity
Essay
17. Imagine you were planning to purchase a telescope so that you could more closely observe constellations in
the night sky. Would you buy a refracting telescope or a reflecting telescope? Explain your answer.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 18. A star’s apparent shift in position is called a(n)
a. light-year.
c. galaxy.
b. parallax.
d. absolute.
____ 19. Which of the following are large clouds of gas and dust?
a. a galaxy
c. a nebula
b. a neutron star
d. a globular cluster
____ 20. The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star’s surface temperature and its
a. apparent magnitude.
c. color.
b. size.
d. absolute magnitude.
____ 21. The vernal equinox is used to establish a star’s
a. right ascension.
c. declination.
b. zenith.
d. distance from the Earth.
____ 22. What is a constellation?
a. a star pattern
b. a galaxy
c. a region of the sky
d. a group of stars
____ 23. What did redshift tell Hubble about the universe?
a. The universe is getting colder.
c. The universe is getting redder.
b. The universe is getting smaller.
d. The universe is getting larger.
____ 24. How long does Earth take to rotate once on its axis?
a. day
b. month
c. week
d. year
____ 25. How long does Earth take to orbit once around the sun?
a. week
c. day
b. year
d. month
____ 26. Why do astronomers put telescopes in space?
a. to avoid interference from the Earth’s atmosphere
b. to avoid noise pollution
c. to reduce air pollution
d. to get closer to objects in space
____ 27. An advantage of reflecting telescopes over refracting telescopes is that
a. they use lenses to focus light.
b. mirrors only reflect certain colors of light for better focus.
c. mirror sizes are all the same for ease of use.
d. flaws in the glass do not affect the incoming light.
____ 28. All of the following are major types of galaxies EXCEPT
a. elliptical galaxy.
c. triangular galaxy.
b. spiral galaxy.
d. irregular galaxy.
____ 29. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The universe contracts and expands on a regular basis.
b. The universe is getting smaller every day.
c. Scientists do not know if the universe is getting larger or smaller.
d. The universe is expanding outward.
____ 30. The color of a star depends on its
a. magnitude.
b. temperature.
c. size.
d. shape.
____ 31. Which of the following scientists thought the Earth was at the center of the universe?
a. Hubble
c. Newton
b. Copernicus
d. Ptolemy
____ 32. Where are open clusters found?
a. in the spherical halo of spiral galaxies and near elliptical galaxies
b. in the center bulge of spiral galaxies
c. along the spiral disk of galaxies
d. in the spiral arms of spiral galaxies
____ 33. Which of the following shows the sequence of a star’s life cycle from its earliest stage to its latest stage?
a. main sequence, red giant, white dwarf
b. main sequence, white dwarf, red giant
c. red giant, white dwarf, main sequence
d. white dwarf, main sequence, red giant
____ 34. Which of the following magnitudes indicates the brightest star?
a. +4
c. 0
b. –0.11
d. –1
____ 35. Where are globular clusters found?
a. along the spiral disk of galaxies
b. in the spiral arms of spiral galaxies
c. in the spherical halo of spiral galaxies and near elliptical galaxies
d. in the center bulge of spiral galaxies
____ 36. According to the big bang theory, the universe is about
a. 4.7 billion years old.
c. 470 billion years old.
b. 13.7 billion years old.
d. 500 billion years old.
____ 37. Scientists think that the Milky Way probably is
a. an irregular galaxy.
c. an elliptical galaxy.
b. a spiral galaxy.
d. a nebula.
____ 38. What is the imaginary sphere, created by scientists, that surrounds the Earth?
a. an astrolabe
c. a celestial sphere
b. a zenith
d. an ecliptic
____ 39. What is cosmology?
a. the study of the makeup of stars
b. the study of space travel
c. the study of the universe’s origin, structure, and future
d. the study of the solar system
____ 40. What is an imaginary point directly above an observer’s head?
a. celestial sphere
c. zenith
b. altitude
d. right ascension
____ 41. Copernicus’s theory was not accepted when he first proposed it because he stated that the sun was
a. the center of the universe.
c. a source of energy.
b. about 93 million miles away.
d. an average star.
____ 42. How does the Earth’s atmosphere affect starlight?
a. It causes it to change colors.
c. It stretches it.
b. It blocks it.
d. It causes it to shimmer and blur.