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More Cold War Review
US History/E. Napp
Activity 1: Matching
1. During the 1920s and 1930s, a Communist
army led by _______ fought against China’s
government army led by Chiang Kai-shek, head
of the Nationalist party. The fighting ceased
when Japan attacked China during WWII but
continued after the war ended.
2. The United States gave economic and military
aid to the Nationalists, and the ________ did
likewise for Mao’s Communist forces. Mao
attracted peasant recruits by the millions.
Chiang Kai-shek and his Nationalists were
defeated in 1949 and fled to the coastal island of
Taiwan.
3. Through the 1960s, the United States
recognized only Chiang’s Nationalist
government. In the same period, the
Nationalists continued to represent China in the
_________, despite attempts by the Soviet Union
to unseat them in favor of Mao’s Communists.
4. At the end of World War II, the Japanese
fled from Korea as Soviets arrived from the
north and Americans from the south. These two
forces agreed on the 38th parallel of latitude as a
temporary _________ line between their zones
of occupation.
5. After the _______ began, the 38th parallel
became a permanent border between North
Korea with its Soviet-backed government and
South Korea with its U.S. backed government.
6. In 1950, a _________ army marched into
South Korea.
7. President Truman followed the U.S. policy of
________ by ordering U.S. troops into South
Korea and calling on the U.N. to defend its
government.
8. The Soviet Union had temporarily withdrawn
its representative from the UN and thus lost its
_____ power in the Security Council.
9. Truman used his power as commander in
chief to conduct an undeclared war in Korea; he
called it a ________.
10. There was a stalemate near the 38th parallel
and a _______ was established. The 38th parallel
was established as the line between North and
South Korea. While Eisenhower ended the war,
Truman’s goal was to save South Korea from
Communist control – his goal was containment.
Name: __________________
United Nations
__________
Dividing
_________
Containment
_________
Veto
________
Soviet Union
__________
Cold War
__________
Mao Zedong
_________
North Korean
________
Truce
_________
Police Action
_________
Activity 2: Matching
1. Before WWII, the British controlled
Palestine. As Nazi persecution increased, Jewish
emigration to Palestine increased. In 1948, the
UN General Assembly voted to divide Palestine
into a Jewish state of ______ and a Palestinian
state for Arabs.
2. The United States and the Soviet Union
recognized these new nations, but _____ nations
of the Middle East denied Israel’s right to exist.
3. President Eisenhower stated in 1957 that the
United States would send troops to any Middle
Eastern nation that requested help against
_______ in his Eisenhower Doctrine.
4. Before the Cold War in 1933, Franklin
Roosevelt announced his _______. He pledged
that in the future the USA would avoid
intervening in the internal affairs of Latin
America.
5. In 1959, the policy of containment suffered a
setback when a Cuban revolutionary named
_______ overthrew the military dictatorship of
Fulgencio Batista.
6. The new Communist dictator of Cuba seized
American-owned properties in Cuba and
established a Communist regime like that of the
Soviet Union. Cuba – a nation only 90 miles
from U.S. shores – had fallen under Soviet
_________.
7. When John Kennedy became president in
1961, he supported a plan, drawn up by the
Eisenhower administration, for the ______ of
Cuba by Cuban exiles but rejected the use of
U.S. air power.
8. The invasion of Cuba was launched in April,
1961, in an area known as the ______ but was a
complete failure. The poorly planned invasion
was a great embarrassment for Kennedy.
9. On October 1962, U.S. spy planes
photographed Soviet missiles with _______
warheads in Cuba; they posed a direct threat to
the neighboring U.S. mainland.
10. Kennedy considered an air strike against
Cuba but decided to send U.S. Navy ships to
intercept Soviet ships that might be carrying
missiles. Fortunately, Khrushchev, the Soviet
leader, agreed to turn around the missilecarrying ships and to dismantle the missiles
installed in Cuba. The ________ was considered
a great success for President Kennedy.
Communism
________
Influence
________
Bay of Pigs
_________
Invasion
________
Israel
________
Good Neighbor Policy
________
Nuclear
________
Cuban Missile Crisis
_________
Arab
_______
Fidel Castro
________
Activity 3: Multiple-Choice
1. Both the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba (1961)
and the invasion of Panama (1989) are examples
of United States attempts to
(1) eliminate unfriendly governments
geographically close to the United States
(2) cultivate good relations with Latin
American nations
(3) stop the drug trade
(4) end the Cold War
2. A common purpose of the Truman Doctrine,
the Marshall Plan, and the Eisenhower Doctrine
was to
(1) carry out the United States policy of
preventing the spread of communism
(2) insure the survival of the newly
independent nations of Africa and Asia
(3) limit the proliferation of nuclear
weapons
(4) provide medical aid to Latin American
nations
3. A constitutional issue that was frequently
raised about United States involvement in the
Korean conflict and the Vietnam conflict was
the
(1) right to regulate commerce with foreign
nations
(2) use of deficit spending to finance wars
(3) lack of a formal declaration of war by
Congress
(4) Supreme Court’s role in foreign policy
decision-making
5. The Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower
Doctrine were United States foreign policies
concerning
(1) the international balance of payments
(2) the containment of communism
(3) world-wide environmental pollution
(4) nuclear disarmament
6. From the end of World War II until the
1980’s, the United States carried out its foreign
policy mainly by
(1) giving in to foreign demands
(2) avoiding any situation that might involve
the nation in a conflict
(3) acting forcefully to obtain and control
colonies
(4) taking a variety of actions to prevent the
spread of communism
7. Throughout United States history, the most
important aim of the country’s foreign policy
has been
(1) participation in international
organizations
(2) advancement of national self interest
(3) containment of communism
(4) development of military alliances
8. President John F. Kennedy supported the
1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba as an effort to
(1) remove a communist dictator from
power
(2) stop the flow of illegal drugs to the
United States
4. Which is a valid conclusion based on United
(3) support Fidel Castro’s efforts for reform
States involvement in the Korean War?
(4) rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom
(1) The policy of containment was applied in
fighters
Asia as well as in Europe
(2) United Nations economic sanctions are
9. “Batista Driven from Power” “Bay of Pigs
more effective than military action.
Invasion Fails” “U-2 Planes Reveal Soviet
(3) The American people will support
Missiles” These headlines refer to the
United States participation in any war,
relationship between the United States and
whether declared or undeclared.
(1) Canada
(4) United States cooperation with a
(2) Cuba
wartime ally ends when the war ends.
(3) Mexico
(4) Panama
Activity 4:
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN PRESIDENT JOHN KENNEDY AND CHAIRMAN NIKITA
KHRUSHCHEV – October 22, 1962 to November 15, 1962
DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN:
A copy of the statement I am making tonight concerning developments in Cuba and the reaction
of my Government thereto has been handed to your Ambassador in Washington. In view of the
gravity of the developments to which I refer, I want you to know immediately and accurately the
position of my Government in this matter.
In our discussions and exchanges on Berlin and other international questions, the one thing that
has most concerned me has been the possibility that your Government would not correctly
understand the will and determination of the United States in any given situation, since I have not
assumed that you or any other sane man would, in this nuclear age, deliberately plunge the world
into war which it is crystal clear no country could win and which could only result in catastrophic
consequences to the whole world, including the aggressor.
At our meeting in Vienna and subsequently, I expressed our readiness and desire to find, through
peaceful negotiation, a solution to any and all problems that divide us. At the same time, I made
clear that in view of the objectives of the ideology to which you adhere, the United States could not
tolerate any action on your part which in a major way disturbed the existing overall balance of
power in the world. I stated that an attempt to force abandonment of our responsibilities and
commitments in Berlin would constitute such an action and that the United States would resist with
all the power at its command. . . .
Moreover, the Congress adopted a resolution expressing its support of this declared policy.
Despite this, the rapid development of long-range missile bases and other offensive weapons
systems in Cuba has proceeded…
Sincerely,
JFK
Questions:
1- Why did President Kennedy write this letter to Khrushchev?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2- What did Kennedy fear Khrushchev did not fully understand?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3- What did Kennedy suggest Khrushchev’s actions would lead the world to?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4- What did Kennedy express to Khrushchev in Vienna?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5- What “balance” did Kennedy want to maintain?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6- What would the United States do if Khrushchev forced Americans to abandon their
responsibilities and commitments?
________________________________________________________________________
7- According to Kennedy, what has Congress done?
________________________________________________________________________
Activity 5: Cartoon Analysis
Questions:
Who is the “dentist” or the man holding the pliers?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Who is the “patient”?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
What is in the patient’s mouth?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Why is the “dentist” removing the patient’s “teeth”?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
What is the caption in the political cartoon?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Why is the “dentist” hurt more by the procedure than the “patient”?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
What would President Kennedy say if he was in the political cartoon?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 5: Cartoon Analysis
The caption (in German) reads: “What do you mean: a menace? Surely it’s all right to go fishing,
isn’t it?”
Questions:
1- Who is the man fishing?
________________________________________________________________________
2- Where is the man fishing?
________________________________________________________________________
3- Who is near the man fishing?
________________________________________________________________________
4- What does the man fishing say?
________________________________________________________________________
5- Who are the men watching the fisherman?
________________________________________________________________________
6- What do the expressions of the men watching the fisherman suggest?
_______________________________________________________________________
7- Why is the man fishing a problem to the men watching?
_______________________________________________________________________
8- What does the political cartoon suggest about the geographical relationship between
Cuba and the United States?
_______________________________________________________________________
9- What is the man fishing holding?
_______________________________________________________________________
10- Why is it a problem that the fisherman is holding this object?
_______________________________________________________________________