Download Chapter 2: East is East and West is West 2007645052 CHOI YURI

Chapter 2: East is East and West is West
2007645052 CHOI YURI
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Chapter.2 ‘Key Word’
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Islam
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Osama bin Laden
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Islamic fundamentalism
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Jihad
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Mujahedeen
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Pan-Islamism
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Muslim
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Al-Qaeda
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Sunni
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Qur’an
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Terror/Terrorism
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Gulf War
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Fatwa
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The Afghan
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Holy war
1. What is Islam?
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Conception
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Holy war: Jihad is the Arabic word meaning ‘holy war’
The religion was begun by the prophet Muhammad in sixth-century Arabia. A Muslim is a
follower of this faith, and nearly one in every seven persons alive on Earth today is a Muslim. It is among
the fastest-growing religions in the United States.
By and large then, Islam teaches peace. Yet part of the problem in the modern world is that
Islamic fundamentalists have been using a term found in the Koran-jihad-to justify murder. A jihad is
supposed to be a holy war.
2. The Jihad and Terror
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Conception
 Jihad: Jihad means "to strive or struggle," (in the way of God) and is considered the "sixth pillar
of Islam" by a minority of Muslim authorities
 Qur'an: The sacred book on which the religion of Islam is based
 Terror: Violent action or the threat of violent action that is intended to cause fear, usually for
political purposes
Under modern Islamic thought, there are in fact three levels of jihad:
 Personal jihad: the struggle to purify the soul of negative influences; to cleanse one’s spirit of sin.
 Verbal jihad: “The most excellent jihad is the speaking of truth in the face of a tyrant.”
 Physical jihad: combat waged in defense of Muslims by the enemies of Allah.
Is Jihad Terror?
Terror, which counterpart innocent citizen invasion or suicide in the same way without good
reason is prohibited in Islam. Islam doesn’t allow that non-combatant and citizen is a target of terror even
any situation. Terror is not jihad. It is mischief. (Fasad)
Bin Laden’s Jihad Is Not Islam Jihad
Osama bin Laden’s action is not considered Jihad by construction of Sharī ah; ①An individual or
group can’t promulgate. Because only state promulgate Jihad. ②Anyone can’t kills innocent people from
process of Jihad training. ③Anyone can’t kill Muslim from process of jihad training. Victims at this US
terror event include Muslim. ④No anyone can promulgates jihad in state that Muslim can freely lives on
religion and engages in Islam mission work. The U.S. guarantees such like this. ⑤Famous Muslim lawyers
of the world define legal opinion, which if Osama bin Laden’s action is fact, it is guilty. ⑥Osama bin
Laden’s action infringes Muslim’s wealth and benefit.
3. The Gulf War and Its Aftermatch
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Conception
 Gulf War: A conflict between Iraq and a coalition force from 34 nations authorized by the United
Nations (UN) and led primarily by the United States in order to return Kuwait to the control of
the Emir of Kuwait (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991)
 Fatwa: A religious order issued by a Muslim leader. A legal opinion or decree on a specific issue.
After devoting their lives to the liberation of Muslim territory, this was a bitter blow for bin Laden
and his Arab brethren, seeing the land they regarded as sacred being occupied by American infidels. After
the continuing presence of American troops close to the Islamic holy sites for bin Laden, in February 1988,
he announced the formation of an umbrella organization called “The Islamic World Front for the struggle
against the Jews and the Crusaders.” He then issued a fatwa, and declared war on the United States,
though few knew of the declaration.
4. Understanding bin Laden and Al-Qaeda
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Conception
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Al-Qaeda: A terrorist network of many different organizations in diverse countries that are
willing to use terrorism for the attainment of their political goals
Who is Osama bin Laden?
Osama bin Laden was born in Saudi Arabia in 1957 to a father of Yemeni origins and a Syrian
mother. His father, Mohammed bin Laden, founded a construction company and with royal patronage
became a billionaire. The company’s connections won it important commissions such as rebuilding
mosques in the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. Osama was the seventeenth son, and he studied
management and economics at King Abdul Aziz University in Jedda, Saudi Arabia. The bin Laden family’s
construction business is worth $5 billion.
About Al-Qaeda
According to the International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism, much of the philosophy
behind al-Qaeda was formed during the Afghan war when bin Laden came to see the world in black or
white. So, bin Laden’s fatwa was no idle threat. By the time he issued it, he and al-Qaeda had already
proved to be deadly serious. Indeed, according to the U.S. State Department, prior to 1988, bin Laden
and his groups were responsible for, among other things…
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In 1992, conspiring to kill U.S. servicemen in Yemen.
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Plotting the deaths of American and other peacekeepers in Somalia.
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In 1995, assisting Egyptian terrorists who tried to assassinate Egyptian President Mubarak.
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In recent years, also they have killed dozens of tourists in Egypt.
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In 1995, bombing the Egyptian embassy in Pakistan.
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Conspiring to kill the pope.
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In 1995, bombing a joint U.S. and Saudi military training mission in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
5. Never the Twain Shall Meet?
Reason why Muslim have a hatred for the United States
The State of Israel was proclaimed on May 14, 1948, one day before the expiry of the British
Mandate for Palestine. Not long after, five Arab countries – Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq –
attacked Israel, launching the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. However, Israel which backed up one hundred
percent from United States won an over-whelming victory. Five Arab countries lose wars and lost their
self-respect until Yon Kippur War. Arab hold that they lost on war by reason of the United States gave
big aid for Israel.
Also, they hate American imperialism. Part of the problem as well is simply systemic. Little can
change the fact that as long as the United States is the sole superpower, there will be people who will
resent that.
Conclusion
First, the United States needs to make friend, not just attack enemies. But by the same token,
Muslim nations need to publicly decry their most extremist elements and teach respect and tolerance
for those with whom they disagree. Maybe then, the root causes of terrorism can be reduced.
Bibliography
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