Download 1 - Alice Pevyhouse

1. Who wrote the Almagest:
2. Which ancient Greek thinker suggested(long before Copernicus) that the Earth is
moving around the Sun:
3. The Geo-Centric model is based on the teachings of which Greek philosopher:
4. The scientist who first made astronomical observations that showed the validity of
the heliocentric model of the solar system was
5. The most important observation made to validate(show it was true) the heliocentric model was:
6. Within a constellation, a recognizable pattern of stars is often called:
7. The Sun’s apparent path around the celestial sphere is called:
8. How did Ptolemy’s Geocentric model explain the retrograde motion of planets
like Jupiter?
10. Kepler found that the orbit of a stable planet is always in the shape of:
11. After Copernicus was done with his model, he was able to predict where a planet
would be in the future with much more accuracy than the Ptolemaic model.
12. Why didn’t stellar parallax convince the ancient Greeks that the Earth was moving:
13. Copernicus was not happy with the Ptolemaic model for several reasons. One of
which was how Ptolemy had put special restrictions on the motion of which of the
following planets:
14.Who was the 17th century astronomer that spent 20 years of his life collect data on
planet positions:
15. Kepler’s third law states a relationship between the period of a planet and the size of
the semi-major axis of the orbit.
16. When a planet is closest to the Sun (Hint: think Kepler’s Laws):
a. moves its slowest b. feels less gravitational pull than average c. moves its fastest
18. A planet is said to be in retrograde when it moves in what direction compared to the back
ground of stars:
19. How did Copernicus account for the retrograde motion of the planets?
20. Issac Newton described gravity as an attractive force between two objects. What law
describes how that attractive force depends on distance:
21. Issac Newton desecribed anything in orbit as being in a state of perpetual free-fall.
22. Albert Einstein’s stated that being in an accelerated reference frame was identical to:
23. Albert Einstein was able to complete Newton’s idea of gravity by:
24. In Einstein’s General Relativity Theory, he described space as being distorted by the presence
of objects of mass.
25. One astronomical unit (AU) is about 150 million kilometers. How many miles is this?
26. What types of distances are typically listed in astronomical units (AU)?
28. How far away is the planet Saturn in A.U. from the Sun:
29. Approximately how many years would it take light to travel across the length of our
Galaxy (hint: think about the size of our galaxy)
33. A newly discovered planet’s semi-major axis is 4 A.U. Will it have a longer or shorter orbital
period than Earth?
34. At the North pole of the Earth, all stars would appear to be Circumploar:
35. The diurnal motion of the Sun is caused by:
40. Which of the following sequences of moon phases will occur one after the other within one
cycle of phases:
41. A week after New moon, the Moon's phase is:
Use the diagram below to answer the next two questions
43. What time does the phase represented by postion ___ rise(Earth spins counter-clockwise)?
Use the drawings below to answer the next two questions.
A.
B.
C.
D.
e
e
e
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e
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1.Which drawing (not to scale) represents the process by which an absorption line is formed?
2.Which drawing (not to scale) represents the process by which an emission line is formed?
3.The spectrum produced by the excited atoms of an element contains a pattern of wavelengths
that are
4.Sound waves do not travel in a vacuum. How, then, do radio waves travel through interstellar
space.
5. A continuous spectrum is caused by a solid or highly dense gas.
6. The hotter something is, the more thermal energy the molecules have. This means that when
compared to molecules of a cold object, the molecules in a hot object:
7. What happens to the light that is missing in an absorption spectrum?
8. What kind of spectrum is given off by a red colored, neon “OPEN” sign?
9.Of the following, which color represents the lowest surface temperature for a star?
10. Where in the Sun does fusion of hydrogen occur?
11. At the end of the proton-proton chain of nuclear fusion, hydrogen nuclei have been converted
into:
12. A scientist is trying to figure out what element a group of atoms belongs too. In order to
figure this out, she needs to know the number of which particle that makes up an atom.
13.What layer of the Sun’s atmosphere are sunspots found in?
14. Why does nuclear fusion require high temperatures?
17. Which part of the Sun's atmosphere is the hottest?
19. What layer of the Sun’s atmosphere do you see when you watch a sunset?
20. The granulation pattern that astronomers have observed on the surface of the Sun tells us that:
23. The chromosphere is what color
24. The sun goes through an 11 year sunspot cycle. At the peak of this cycle, known as Solar
Max, the number of average sunspots:
25. Wein’s law relates the temperature of a star to:
26. The Stephan-Boltzman law relates the temperature of a star to:
27. Stellar parallax is a method to determine:
28. Apparent magnitude is determined by the:
29. The distance modulus can be used to determine the distance to a star using:
30. Given a picture of the HR diagram- be able to identify the different regions of the diagram.
1. The strong force is reponsible for:
2. Giant Molecular Clouds are:
3.What stage of a star is powered by gravitational potential energy being converted into
thermal energy:
4.Astronomers identify the “birth” of a real star with what activity in the star?
5.When a single star of mass equal to our Sun dies, it will ultimatly become a
6. In a collapsing star of high mass, when electrons and protons are squeezed together
with enormous force in the core of the star, they turn into
7. Does the mass of a star determine how long it will be on the main-sequence?
9. Why do stars of great mass “live longer” on the main sequence than stars of lesser mass?
10. What is the size of a typical Neutron star ?
11. The zero-age of a star refers to the start of which phase of a star:
12. What is the primary composition of a white dwarf?
13. A white dwarf is about the size of the Earth
14. The ‘helium flash’ occurs at what stage in stellar evolution?
15. What is the last element a star with a mass greater than 8 solar masses can fuse
16. As a main-sequence star ages and its core shrinks, the star:
17. Suppse in a given region of the sky, you see a red star and a blue. The two are not
parts of binary systems, and both stars look pretty typical for their colors. Which of the
following is true:
24. A person watching you go into a black hole will:
25. A person watching you enter into a black hole will be able to see you go into the
black hole.
29. Gravitational Redshift results in light.
30. What happens to the mass a black hole consumes.
31. The limit to how big a star can be is about 10,000 more massive than the Sun.
26. Which of the following are methods for detecting a black hole.