Download 2.3 The Critical Period The Articles of Confederation The

2.3 The Critical Period
The Articles of Confederation
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The __________________________ established “a firm league of ____________” among
the States.
Powers
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Congress was given the power to __________ ______, deal with national finance issues,
and settle disputes among the ________.
Obligations
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The States promised to obey ________, and to respect the ____ of the other States. Most
other powers were retained by each State.
Question: What were the Articles of Confederation?
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
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One vote for each state, ______________ ___ _______
Congress ____________ to lay an collect ________ or duties
Congress ____________ to regulate foreign and interstate ____________
_____ _______________to enforce acts of Congress
No national ___________ _____________
Amendment only with consent of ________States
A ________ majority required to pass ________
Articles only a "firm league of friendship"
A Call for a Stronger Government
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Representatives from Maryland and Virginia met at Mount Vernon, Virginia, in ________
to discuss trade issues.
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The meeting was so ________________ that the Virginia General Assembly requested a
meeting of all ____________ ____________, which eventually became the __________________
______________________in Philadelphia.
Question: What did America do to create a stronger government in the 1780s?
2.4 Creating the Constitution
Framers of the Constitution
Leaders of the Philadelphia Convention
• ___________ _____________was the co-author of the Articles of Confederation.
• Gouverneur Morris was a lawyer who helped develop the U.S. system of money.
• _____________ ___________________was a lawyer who favored a ________ central
government.
• George Washington was the successful leader of the ________________ Army.
Some famous leaders who were NOT at the Philadelphia Convention
• ___________ _____________said he “smelt a rat” and refused to attend.
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Samuel Adams and John Hancock were not selected as delegates by their states.
___________ _____________and Thomas Paine were in Paris.
_________ ___________was on diplomatic missions to England and Holland.
Different Constitutional Plans
The Virginia Plan
• ________ branches of government
• ____________ legislature (_____ houses)
• “National ____________” and “National ____________”
The New Jersey Plan
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____________ Congress
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____________ representation for States of different sizes
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________ than one federal ____________
Question: What were the differences between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?
The Connecticut Compromise (aka Great Compromise)
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Delegates agreed on a bicameral Congress, one segment with ________
____________________for States (_______________), and the other with representation
________________ to the States’ populations (____________________________________)
The Three-Fifths Compromise
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The Framers decided to count a ________ as _______ _________of a person when
determining the population of a State.
The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
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Congress was forbidden from taxing exported goods, and was not allowed to act on the
_________ ___________for ____years.
Question: Describe some of the compromises on which the Convention agreed?
Influences on and Reactions to the New Constitution
Influences
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The Framers were familiar with the political writings of their time, such as works by
____________________________and ________________________________.
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They also were ____________, variously, by the Second Continental Congress, the
________________________________and experiences with their own ________ governments.
Reactions
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When the Constitution was complete, the Framers’ ________ of their work ________.
Some were ____________, like George Mason of Virginia, who opposed the Constitution until his
death in 1792.
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________ agreed with Ben Franklin’s thoughts when he said, “From such an assembly [of
fallible men] can a ____________ production be ____________? It…________________me, Sir,
to find this system approaching so near to ____________ as it does…”