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NAME____________________________
Study Guide Respiratory
PART ONE: Respiratory Tract
1. Complete this table:
Structure
Function
Filter, warm, and moisten air
Glottis
Sound production
Trachea
Passage of air to each lung
Bronchioles
Gas Exchange
2. Label the following diagram, using the alphabetized list of terms.
Epiglottis
Glottis
Hard palate
Larynx
Nasal cavity
Soft palate
Trachea
Sinuses
Pharynx
Vocal cords
Esophagus
3. The nostrils contain _____________ and the nasal cavity and trachea are lined with
___________ to screen the incoming air. Mucus, dust, and other material are moved into
the _______________ for swallowing or expectoration.
During swallowing, the
_________ folds down over the glottis to keep food from entering the trachea. The lungs
of premature infants often lack a film called ______________ that keeps their lung
tissues from sticking together.
4. Match the statements with the terms below:
TERMS: 1. internal respiration
3. inspiration and expiration
2. cellular respiration
4. external respiration
_____ a. entrance and exit of air into and out of lungs
_____ b. exchange of gases between blood and tissue fluid
_____ c. production of ATP in cells
_____ d. exchange of gases between lungs and blood
Next place the terms in the proper sequence:
First _________
Second _________ Third _________ Last _________
PART TWO: Mechanism of Breathing
5. Label the following diagram, using the alphabetized list of terms.
Expiratory reserve volume
Inspiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
Tidal volume
6. In the preceding diagram, the sum of the volumes labeled a, b, and c, is termed the ______.
7. Indicate whether the following phrases describe (I) inspiration or (E) expiration.
_____ a. lungs expanded
_____ d. chest enlarged
_____ b. muscles (diaphragm and ribs) relaxed
_____ e. diaphragm dome shaped
_____ c. less air pressure in lungs than in the environment
8. Put these statements in the proper sequence.
_____ a. respiratory center stops sending nerve impulse to diaphragm and rib cage
_____ b. respiratory center sends nerve impulse to diaphragm and rib cage.
_____ c. diaphragm relaxes, becomes dome shaped, and rib cage moves down and inward
_____ d. lungs expand as diaphragm lowers and rib cage moves upward and outward
_____ e. air goes rushing out as lungs recoil
_____ f. air comes rushing in as lungs expand
PART THREE: External and Internal Respiration
9. Give the equation that describes how oxygen is transported in the blood. Label one arrow
LUNGS and the reverse arrow TISSUES.
10.
Give the equation that describes how most of the carbon dioxide is transported in the
blood. Label one arrow LUNGS and the reverse arrow TISSUES.
What is the name of the enzyme that speeds up this reaction?
Carbon dioxide transport produces hydrogen ions. Why does the blood not become acidic?
11. After studying Figure 8.9 in the text, answer these questions.
Where does oxygen enter the blood?
Where does oxygen exit from the blood?
Where does carbon dioxide enter the blood?
Where does carbon dioxide exit from the blood?
In the diagram, what two types of vessels are high in oxygen?
In the diagram, what two types of vessels are high in carbon dioxide?
12. Hemoglobin is remarkable suited to the transport of oxygen. Why?
Why does a person die from carbon monoxide poisoning?
How does hemoglobin help with the transport of carbon dioxide?
PART FOUR: Respiration and Health
13. Match the descriptions in a-g to the following key:
KEY: cold and flu
strep throat
pneumonia
tuberculosis
lemphysema
pulmonary thrombosis
lung cancer
a. Cells build a protective capsule around the bacteria. X-rays can detect the presence of these
capsules. _____________
b. Rheumatic fever can be a complication. ________________
c. Fibrous connective tissue builds up in the lungs after inhaling particles. _______________
d. This is caused by a virus, and antibiotic therapy is not helpful.______________________
e. This most often begins in a bronchus and is caused by smoking cigarettes._____________
f. Lungs balloon because air is trapped in the alveoli._______________________________
g. Lobules of lungs fill with fluid, caused by a pathogen._____________________________
CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE
PART FIVE: Working Together
15. Match the organ systems with the correct descriptions:
a.
b.
c.
d.
____ Integumentary System
____ Nervous System
____ Lymphatic System
____ Urinary System
____ Circulatory System
____ Reproductive System
____ Muscular System
____ Endocrine System
____ Skeletal System
____ Digestive System
Gas exchange in lungs provides oxygen and rids body of carbon dioxide.
Gas exchange in lungs provides oxygen to skin and rids body of carbon dioxide from skin.
Gas exchange increases during sexual activity.
Tonsils and adenoids occur along respiratory tract; breathing aids lymph flow; lungs carry
out gas exchange.
e. Lungs excrete carbon dioxide, provide oxygen, and convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II,
leading to kidney regulation.
f. Gas exchange in lungs provides oxygen to the digestive tract and excretes carbon dioxide
from the digestive tract.
g. Lungs provide oxygen for, and rid the body of carbon dioxide from, contracting muscles.
h. Gas exchange in lungs provides oxygen and rids body of carbon dioxide.
i. Lungs provide oxygen for neurons and rid the body of carbon dioxide produced by neurons.
j. Gas exchange in lungs rids body of carbon dioxide, helping to regulate the pH of blood;
breathing aids venous return.